Clinical Biochemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which physiological factor does NOT influence biochemical test results?

  • Age
  • Laboratory location (correct)
  • Sex
  • Timing

    • What is the primary function of routine biochemistry tests in a clinical setting?

  • To monitor established conditions (correct)
  • To measure genetic abnormalities
  • To definitively diagnose diseases
  • To evaluate psychological disorders

    • Which of the following represents a sampling error related to specimen quality?

  • Using the correct specimen container
  • Prolonged tourniquet placement (correct)
  • Specimen storage at room temperature
  • Difficulties in client identification

    • In what situation might abnormal cortisol levels be expected?

    <p>With the sample collected in the afternoon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of department focuses on monitoring therapeutic drug levels and detecting toxic substances?

    <p>Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is associated with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)?

    <p>Hepatocellular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme serves as a sensitive marker for liver disease?

    <p>Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an increased level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) suggest?

    <p>Cholestatic liver disease and bone disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between precision and accuracy?

    <p>Precision refers to the grouping of similar results, while accuracy refers to how close results are to the true value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes is associated with skeletal muscle damage?

    <p>Creatine kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT typically measured in a urinalysis?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is NOT primarily found in the pancreas?

    <p>Alkaline phosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which high finding is indicated primarily by the presence of glucose in urine?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following findings in fecal analysis helps diagnose disorders of the digestive tract?

    <p>Microscopic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a high specific gravity value in urine typically indicate?

    <p>High urine concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of phospholipids in the body?

    <p>Serving as structural units of cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is associated with high cholesterol levels?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are lipoproteins primarily responsible for?

    <p>Transporting insoluble fats through the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cholesterol serves as a precursor for which of the following?

    <p>Steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of lipoproteins?

    <p>Fat-soluble vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sensitivity in clinical testing measure?

    <p>How often patients with the disease are correctly identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to preanalytical variation in biochemical test results?

    <p>Time of sample collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fatty acids in the human body?

    <p>Store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about specificity in clinical tests is correct?

    <p>It indicates how often healthy subjects are correctly identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to urea levels when renal function declines?

    <p>Urea levels increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classes of lipids are primarily responsible for energy storage?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by a fruity smell and is associated with diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Ketoacidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes intrinsic biological variation?

    <p>Random fluctuations around a homeostatic set point in the same individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about triglycerides is NOT true?

    <p>They can be increased in hyperthyroidism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lipids are primarily soluble in which of the following?

    <p>Organic solvents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary organ where GGT is sourced from in the serum?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with elevated LDH levels?

    <p>Acute myocardial infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do carbohydrates primarily play in the human body?

    <p>Molecular recognition and structural materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of carbohydrate is not classified as a polysaccharide?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons for monitoring blood carbohydrates?

    <p>To manage glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural level of proteins is characterized by a single polypeptide chain?

    <p>Primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process can lead to the denaturation of proteins?

    <p>Change in pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of proteins includes albumin?

    <p>Simple globular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is NOT used for the differentiation of proteins?

    <p>Taste profile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is albumin primarily synthesized in the body?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipoprotein is synthesized in the liver?

    <p>VLDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in lipid metabolism?

    <p>Removing triglycerides from chylomicrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase do chylomicrons reach the bloodstream after fat ingestion?

    <p>Exogenous lipid cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipoprotein class is responsible for reverse cholesterol transport?

    <p>HDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could affect the accuracy of lipid lab results?

    <p>Acute illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of albumin in the body?

    <p>Maintains oncotic pressure and transports molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the relationship between myoglobin and hemoglobin?

    <p>Myoglobin stores oxygen while hemoglobin transports it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clinical significance of myoglobin levels in the blood?

    <p>Can signal acute renal failure when levels are high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coagulation factors are directly involved in hemostasis?

    <p>Factors I, II, V, VII, X, and XIII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of immunoglobulins in the body?

    <p>Act as antibodies to identify and neutralize pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

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