Clinical Approach to Diabetes Mellitus Lecture

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Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells?

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (correct)

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

What is the recommended age to begin testing for diabetes in individuals without specific risk factors?

At the age of 30 years (correct)

At the age of 20 years

At the age of 35 years

At the age of 25 years

Which condition is not associated with insulin resistance as per the text?

Hypertension (correct)

Severe obesity

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Acanthosis nigricans

What is the fasting plasma glucose level indicative of impaired fasting glucose (IFG)?

$5.6 - 6.9 mmol/L$ Signup and view all the answers

In individuals without specific risk factors, how often should screening for diabetes be done if initial tests are normal?

Annually Signup and view all the answers

What type of cholesterol level is considered high in the context of diabetes mellitus?

$ ext{> 2.8 mmol/L}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timeframe for a repeat A1c test after the first positive test for asymptomatic patients?

4 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of long-term management for patients with T2DM?

Achievement of appropriate glycaemic levels Signup and view all the answers

What is advocated for all patients with T2DM regardless of their treatment mode?

Diabetes education Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended weight loss percentage over a 6-month period for obese and overweight patients to prevent T2DM?

5-10% Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of energy from fats is encouraged in a balanced diet for diabetes management?

20-25% Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle modification improves CV fitness, weight control, sensitivity to insulin, and reduces the incidence of diabetes?

Exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended goal for brisk walking in terms of duration and frequency per week?

$30$ min/day, 5 days/week Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a major risk factor for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and various diseases in the context of diabetes mellitus?

Smoking Signup and view all the answers

What type of foods should be substituted at mealtime to reduce postprandial blood glucose?

High-carbohydrate (high GI) foods with low-carbohydrate (low GI) foods Signup and view all the answers

Which percentage reduction in body weight over a 6-month period is recommended for all overweight or obese patients who have or are at risk for diabetes?

10% Signup and view all the answers

Clinical Approach to Diabetes Mellitus Lecture

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