Clinical Approach to Diabetes Mellitus Lecture
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Questions and Answers

Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells?

  • Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (correct)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus

What is the recommended age to begin testing for diabetes in individuals without specific risk factors?

  • At the age of 30 years (correct)
  • At the age of 20 years
  • At the age of 35 years
  • At the age of 25 years

Which condition is not associated with insulin resistance as per the text?

  • Hypertension (correct)
  • Severe obesity
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus
  • Acanthosis nigricans

What is the fasting plasma glucose level indicative of impaired fasting glucose (IFG)?

<p>$5.6 - 6.9 mmol/L$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In individuals without specific risk factors, how often should screening for diabetes be done if initial tests are normal?

<p>Annually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cholesterol level is considered high in the context of diabetes mellitus?

<p>$ ext{&gt; 2.8 mmol/L}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timeframe for a repeat A1c test after the first positive test for asymptomatic patients?

<p>4 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of long-term management for patients with T2DM?

<p>Achievement of appropriate glycaemic levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is advocated for all patients with T2DM regardless of their treatment mode?

<p>Diabetes education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended weight loss percentage over a 6-month period for obese and overweight patients to prevent T2DM?

<p>5-10% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of energy from fats is encouraged in a balanced diet for diabetes management?

<p>20-25% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle modification improves CV fitness, weight control, sensitivity to insulin, and reduces the incidence of diabetes?

<p>Exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended goal for brisk walking in terms of duration and frequency per week?

<p>$30$ min/day, 5 days/week (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a major risk factor for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and various diseases in the context of diabetes mellitus?

<p>Smoking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of foods should be substituted at mealtime to reduce postprandial blood glucose?

<p>High-carbohydrate (high GI) foods with low-carbohydrate (low GI) foods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which percentage reduction in body weight over a 6-month period is recommended for all overweight or obese patients who have or are at risk for diabetes?

<p>10% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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