20 Questions
What is the primary characteristic of diabetes mellitus?
Hyperglycemia
Which hormone is secreted by the α cells of the Islets of Langerhans?
Glucagon
What is the primary role of insulin in the body?
Facilitating glucose uptake by body cells
Which metabolic processes are affected by diabetes mellitus?
Protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism
What is the common currency in the body resulting from different metabolic processes?
Glucose
What is the main function of insulin in the liver and muscles?
Activates glycogen synthesis
What is the primary cause of Type I diabetes mellitus?
Autoimmune response leading to lack of insulin production
Which hormone counteracts the actions of insulin?
Glucagon
What are the symptoms commonly associated with diabetes mellitus?
Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
What type of DM occurs during pregnancy?
Gestational DM
What is the primary difference between Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus?
The presence of autoimmune antibodies
What is the primary role of anti-insulin hormones such as glucagon, corticosteroids, adrenaline, and growth hormone?
Counteracting the actions of insulin hormone
Which metabolic abnormality is associated with diabetes mellitus and leads to increased VLDL, low HDL, and high cholesterol synthesis?
Enhanced lipolysis
Which type of diabetes mellitus is primarily characterized by impaired insulin secretion and destruction of β-cells?
Type I Diabetes Mellitus
What is the primary cause of gestational diabetes mellitus?
Occurs during pregnancy
Which of the following best describes the role of insulin in glucose homeostasis?
Promotes the uptake of glucose by body cells by activating glucose channels
What is the primary characteristic of diabetes mellitus?
Hyperglycemia
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream?
Glucagon
How does diabetes mellitus affect the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?
It impairs the absorption and utilization of dietary carbohydrates
What is the main function of glucagon in glucose homeostasis?
Stimulates the conversion of glycogen into glucose and its release into the bloodstream
Prepare for the Clinical Biochemistry quiz on Diabetes Mellitus covering definition, etiology, types, risk factors, symptoms, complications, diagnosis, long term control indices, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolarity hyperglycemic state, and case studies.
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