Climate Change and African Vulnerability

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Questions and Answers

Why do cities adjacent to mountains or in valleys experience photochemical smog?

  • Because thermal inversions trap pollutants (correct)
  • Since they are located near industrial sites
  • Due to the lack of vegetation in these areas
  • Because of the warm air that rises freely

What is a major contributor to the production of ozone?

  • Carbon dioxide and methane
  • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2)
  • Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide
  • VOCs and NO2 (correct)

What is acid deposition also commonly referred to as?

  • Environmental degradation
  • Atmospheric pollution
  • Acid precipitation
  • Acid rain (correct)

What is a natural cause of acids in the atmosphere?

<p>Lightning and volcanoes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure to reduce acid precipitation?

<p>Regulate powerplant sources of SO2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of acid deposition on the environment?

<p>On both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Africa considered the continent most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change?

<p>Because widespread poverty limits adaptation capabilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of climate change on the Earth's temperature?

<p>An increase in temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of climate change on the Hydrologic Cycle?

<p>A significant disruption to the Hydrologic Cycle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of climate change on the oceans?

<p>The oceans will become more acidic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most direct effect of climate change on human health?

<p>Increased number of deaths due to hotter temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of climate change on agriculture?

<p>Decreased crop yields (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary ways noise can enter a home?

<p>Through gaps around pipes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major negative effect of noise on animals in ecosystems?

<p>It makes it harder for them to communicate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that determines the Earth's temperature?

<p>The Earth's distance from the sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of climate change on glaciers?

<p>They are retreating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major negative effect of noise on human health?

<p>It can cause physical harm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Noise Control Act of 1972?

<p>To protect the public health and welfare from detrimental noise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to the extinction of a species?

<p>Competition for food with better adapted competitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of coevolution?

<p>The interaction between grazing animals and grass species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from the interaction between different species?

<p>Coevolution and adaptation of the species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of predation?

<p>An adaptation of the prey species to increase its reproduction rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can extinction occur?

<p>Gradually over thousands or millions of years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a species that is being reintroduced to help it recover?

<p>Arabian Oryx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driver of the process of natural selection?

<p>Variation in resource availability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is thought to occur as a result of a species dividing into two isolated subpopulations?

<p>Speciation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of species that have gone extinct on Earth?

<p>98-99% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that two or more species can reciprocally influence the evolutionary direction of the other?

<p>Coevolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of natural selection acting on a population over time?

<p>Increase in favorable variations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment?

<p>Adaptation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a keystone species in an ecosystem?

<p>To play a critical role in the maintenance of specific ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes the ways an organism affects its environment and interacts with other organisms?

<p>Interaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that determines which individuals within a species will reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation?

<p>Natural Selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest unit of heredity that determines the characteristics an individual displays?

<p>Gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes a group of organisms that can potentially reproduce naturally among themselves and have offspring that also reproduce?

<p>Species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the process of natural selection over time?

<p>Evolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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