Climate Change and African Vulnerability
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Questions and Answers

Why do cities adjacent to mountains or in valleys experience photochemical smog?

  • Because thermal inversions trap pollutants (correct)
  • Since they are located near industrial sites
  • Due to the lack of vegetation in these areas
  • Because of the warm air that rises freely

    • What is a major contributor to the production of ozone?

  • Carbon dioxide and methane
  • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2)
  • Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide
  • VOCs and NO2 (correct)

    • What is acid deposition also commonly referred to as?

  • Environmental degradation
  • Atmospheric pollution
  • Acid precipitation
  • Acid rain (correct)

    • What is a natural cause of acids in the atmosphere?

    <p>Lightning and volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a measure to reduce acid precipitation?

    <p>Regulate powerplant sources of SO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of acid deposition on the environment?

    <p>On both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Africa considered the continent most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change?

    <p>Because widespread poverty limits adaptation capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected impact of climate change on the Earth's temperature?

    <p>An increase in temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected impact of climate change on the Hydrologic Cycle?

    <p>A significant disruption to the Hydrologic Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected impact of climate change on the oceans?

    <p>The oceans will become more acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most direct effect of climate change on human health?

    <p>Increased number of deaths due to hotter temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected impact of climate change on agriculture?

    <p>Decreased crop yields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary ways noise can enter a home?

    <p>Through gaps around pipes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major negative effect of noise on animals in ecosystems?

    <p>It makes it harder for them to communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the factors that determines the Earth's temperature?

    <p>The Earth's distance from the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant impact of climate change on glaciers?

    <p>They are retreating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major negative effect of noise on human health?

    <p>It can cause physical harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Noise Control Act of 1972?

    <p>To protect the public health and welfare from detrimental noise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to the extinction of a species?

    <p>Competition for food with better adapted competitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of coevolution?

    <p>The interaction between grazing animals and grass species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from the interaction between different species?

    <p>Coevolution and adaptation of the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of predation?

    <p>An adaptation of the prey species to increase its reproduction rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can extinction occur?

    <p>Gradually over thousands or millions of years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a species that is being reintroduced to help it recover?

    <p>Arabian Oryx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of the process of natural selection?

    <p>Variation in resource availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is thought to occur as a result of a species dividing into two isolated subpopulations?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage of species that have gone extinct on Earth?

    <p>98-99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that two or more species can reciprocally influence the evolutionary direction of the other?

    <p>Coevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of natural selection acting on a population over time?

    <p>Increase in favorable variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment?

    <p>Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a keystone species in an ecosystem?

    <p>To play a critical role in the maintenance of specific ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term that describes the ways an organism affects its environment and interacts with other organisms?

    <p>Interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that determines which individuals within a species will reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation?

    <p>Natural Selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest unit of heredity that determines the characteristics an individual displays?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term that describes a group of organisms that can potentially reproduce naturally among themselves and have offspring that also reproduce?

    <p>Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the process of natural selection over time?

    <p>Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

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