CLAT Essentials Mock 18

The process of interpreting and analyzing literary works, often focusing on themes, characters, and literary devices.

A common technique in literary criticism where a text is examined for its hidden meanings or deeper implications.

A popular trope used in literature where characters from the margins of society, often oppressed groups like slaves, tell their own stories.

A widely recognized literary work that explores complex themes of race, freedom, and morality in the American South.

Percival Everett's novel, titled 'James,' reimagines the classic story of Huckleberry Finn, giving the character of Jim agency and voice.

The act of imitating divine love, often seen as a path to spiritual growth.

The capacity of a character to think and act independently, especially in relation to internal experiences and desires.

A term that refers to the ability to use language effectively, particularly the act of writing.

The quality of being good and deserving, especially in relation to work performance and job requirements.

The principle that promotions should be based on a combination of merit and seniority.

Factors considered beyond academic qualifications, such as work performance, integrity, and professionalism, that contribute to overall suitability for a position.

The ability to successfully perform the duties of a position, demonstrated through past performance.

The ability to meet the legal requirements for a position, such as having the necessary qualifications and licenses.

The length of time a person has served in a specific role or position.

The act of taking legal action against someone for a wrongful act, usually seeking compensation for damages.

The Supreme Court emphasizes that 'merit' in promotions goes beyond academic achievements. It includes factors like professional conduct, performance efficiency, and integrity.

Officer B should be promoted. Their exceptional professional conduct, efficiency, and integrity outweigh the academic qualifications of Officer A.

Consistent professional conduct and integrity are fundamental aspects of 'merit' according to the Supreme Court, even if academic performance is average.

Officer X possesses strong merit due to consistent professional conduct and integrity, even with average academic performance. High academic qualifications and awards do not excuse lapses in conduct.

According to the Supreme Court's interpretation, 'merit' is a holistic concept encompassing both academic performance and an officer's professional conduct and integrity.

The Supreme Court recognizes that consistent ethical behavior and integrity are crucial for the long-term success of an officer and their position.

The Supreme Court's definition of 'merit' implies that even with high academic qualifications, professional conduct and integrity remain essential for promotion.

The Supreme Court emphasizes that neglecting professional conduct and integrity despite strong academic performance is inadequate for a promotion. Good character is crucial even if academic performance is high.

This doctrine applies when someone intends to harm one person but accidentally harms another. The intent is 'transferred' to the unintended victim, making the perpetrator liable for the unintended harm.

A broad category of criminal offenses that include causing death without the intent to kill or with reckless disregard for human life. These offenses are less severe than murder but still punishable by law.

The key element here is the perpetrator's knowledge that their actions could lead to death, even if they didn't intend to kill. This knowledge, coupled with the act that resulted in death, can lead to a conviction for culpable homicide.

The law considers the perpetrator's actions and their potential consequences, even if the outcome is not entirely foreseeable. This includes situations where a victim's vulnerability or pre-existing medical condition contribute to their death.

Even if the individual was unaware of the victim's vulnerability, their actions that led to the death still carry responsibility under the culpable homicide laws. This recognizes that the perpetrator's actions created a risk that caused death, making them accountable.

Reckless driving, where the driver is aware of the potential risks, and their actions result in death, can be considered culpable homicide even without intent to kill. This highlights the importance of responsible driving and the severity of reckless behavior.

A method of resolving disputes between parties without the intervention of a court. It involves appointing a neutral third party (conciliator) to facilitate discussions and reach an amicable solution.

An independent person appointed by parties involved in a dispute to guide conversations and help them reach a mutually acceptable solution.

The official office where parties can file a dispute for conciliation under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.

A process where the CO evaluates the authenticity of the complaint and allows the employer to respond, ensuring fairness for both parties.

The CO analyzes the merits of the complaint, including evidence and arguments, to determine if it's valid and requires further action.

A process of assisting the parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement, often through persuasion or mediation.

The CO may act as an advisor or mediator, providing guidance and explaining the rationale of both parties, to facilitate a solution.

A legal concept referring to situations where consent to sexual intercourse, initially present, is later deemed invalid due to deception or coercion.

A clause in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) that criminalizes sexual intercourse obtained through dishonest means such as false promises of marriage, deception, or coercion.

A law under the Indian Penal Code that criminalizes the use of authority or a position of trust to coerce someone into sex.

A law under the Indian Penal Code that criminalizes sexual intercourse obtained through deceit, false promises, or dishonest tactics.

The practice of emphasizing incarceration and requiring minimum penalties for crimes as a way to deter criminal behavior.

A criticism levied by feminist scholars against legal frameworks that often place excessive emphasis on proving a woman's lack of consent, potentially contributing to the victimization and sexualization of women's bodies.

The interpretation of false promises to marry as a form of rape, specifically targeting women from socially and educationally disadvantaged backgrounds, during a period when such cases were prevalent.

A legal principle that considers the freedom and voluntariness of a woman's consent when evaluating the legitimacy of sexual acts, especially in cases involving false promises or coercion.