Classification of Living Primates Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are prosimians?

  • A type of bird
  • A subclass of reptiles
  • One of the two suborders of primates including lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers (correct)
  • Monkeys

    • Lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers belong to which suborder?

    Prosimian

    What are anthropoids?

  • Primates with wet noses
  • A type of mammal
  • One of the two suborders of primates including monkeys, apes, and humans (correct)
  • Primates without tails

    • Monkeys belong to which suborder?

    <p>Anthropoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans belong to which suborder?

    <p>Anthropoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apes belong to which suborder?

    <p>Anthropoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lorises belong to which suborder?

    <p>Prosimian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tarsiers belong to which suborder?

    <p>Prosimian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Classification of primates is clear and concrete.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most of the disagreement about the classification of primates occurs around what two primate groups?

    <p>Tarsiers and humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    New World monkeys and Old World monkeys are classified in different suborders.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are quadrupeds?

    <p>Animals that walk on all fours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are bipeds?

    <p>Animals that walk on two feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the two suborders of primates resemble other mammals more than the other order?

    <p>Prosimians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the two suborders depends more on smell than sight?

    <p>Prosimians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This suborder of primates has mobile ears, whiskers, and long snouts.

    <p>Prosimians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lemurs are mostly vegetarian.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The only primates that depend completely on animal foods are?

    <p>Tarsiers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a tarsal bone?

    <p>Ankle bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do nocturnal lemurs live in groups or solitude?

    <p>Solitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diurnal lemurs can live in groups of up to 60 individuals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cute thing do tarsiers do each evening?

    <p>Sing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tarsiers live in large groups up to 25 individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are strepsirhines?

    <p>Primates with wet noses, including lemurs and lorises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are haplorines?

    <p>Meaning 'single nose,' this includes tarsiers and anthropoids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Haplorines are prosimians and strepsirhines are anthropoids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Haplorines are anthropoids and strepsirhines are prosimians.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are haplorines anthropoids or prosimians?

    <p>Anthropoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are strepsirhines anthropoids or prosimians?

    <p>Prosimians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which suborder has the more fully formed placenta?

    <p>Anthropoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are platyrrhines?

    <p>New World monkeys (anthropoids) that have broad, flat-bridged noses, and outward-facing nostrils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are platyrrhines New or Old World monkeys?

    <p>New World</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Catarrhines are only found in the New World.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platyrrhines are only found in the Old World.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platyrrhines and catarrhines are anthropoids.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans are catarrhines.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans are platyrrhines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    New World monkeys have 3 premolars and Old World monkeys have 2.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    New World monkeys have 2 premolars and Old World monkeys have 3.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Some Old World monkeys have prehensile tails.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All New World monkeys are completely arboreal.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest New World monkey?

    <p>Woolly spider monkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cercopithecoid?

    <p>Old World monkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Living Primates

    • Primates are divided into two main suborders: Prosimians and Anthropoids.

    Prosimians

    • Includes species like lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers.
    • Characterized by more primitive features, resembling other mammals.
    • Depend more on smell than sight.
    • Display traits such as mobile ears, whiskers, and long snouts.
    • Nocturnal lemurs often live in solitude, while diurnal lemurs can form groups of up to 60 individuals.
    • Mostly vegetarian, but tarsiers are unique among primates for relying entirely on animal foods.

    Anthropoids

    • Comprises monkeys, apes, and humans.
    • Features a more fully formed placenta compared to prosimians.
    • New World monkeys (platyrrhines) have broad, flat noses and outward-facing nostrils, while Old World monkeys (catarrhines) have narrower noses.
    • Humans are classified as catarrhines and possess 2 premolars, unlike New World monkeys, which have 3 premolars.
    • Not all Old World monkeys have prehensile tails, while all New World monkeys are completely arboreal.

    Identifying Features

    • Quadrupeds: Walk on all fours, common in many primate species.
    • Bipeds: Walk on two feet, a trait seen in humans and some apes.
    • Vertical Clinging and Leaping: A locomotive pattern utilized by certain prosimians for movement between vertical branches.

    Disagreements in Classification

    • Ongoing debate exists around classifying tarsiers and humans, with distinctions not always clear-cut.
    • Haplorines are considered anthropoids, while strepsirhines are categorized as prosimians.

    Interesting Facts

    • Tarsiers are noted for their singing behavior each evening.
    • The woolly spider monkey holds the title of the largest New World monkey.
    • Despite some misconceptions, New World monkeys and Old World monkeys are not classified into different suborders, and platyrrhines are not exclusive to the Old World.

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    Test your knowledge on the classification of living primates with these flashcards. Explore the two primary suborders: prosimians and anthropoids, and learn about their distinctive members such as lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

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