Questions and Answers
The ______________ classification scheme uses anatomical and genetic evidence to determine ancestor-descendent relationships.
Cladistic
Identify the nonhuman primate skeletal characteristics.
chimpanzee, lemur
What is one trait that tells you these are apes and not monkeys?
There is no tail.
Match the family or subfamily with the appropriate superfamily - Hominoidea is associated with:
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following traits with the appropriate organism:
Signup and view all the answers
Identify the ways in which anthropologists work to protect endangered primates.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following developments are responsible for primates' enhanced sense of touch?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of this dentition is the 'honing complex'?
Signup and view all the answers
Complete the following sentence: The skull shown here likely belongs to a(n) _________________.
Signup and view all the answers
Identify the continent where nonhuman primates do not naturally live today.
Signup and view all the answers
What can be concluded about primates regarding the positive relationship between body mass and brain mass?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are true regarding humans and their taxonomic classifications?
Signup and view all the answers
Drag each group of primates to where they are distributed on the map today.
Signup and view all the answers
Place in order the following primate species based on their number of derived characteristics from low to high.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following traits are retained exclusively by strepsirrhines?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are reasons why primates should be studied?
Signup and view all the answers
Drag the primate taxa to the appropriate column:
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cladistics and Primate Classification
- Cladistic classification utilizes anatomical and genetic evidence to establish ancestor-descendant relationships among species.
- Nonhuman primates exhibit skeletal structures both similar to and distinct from humans, including species like chimpanzees and lemurs.
Apes vs Monkeys
- A distinguishing trait between apes and monkeys is the absence of a tail in apes.
- Notable skeletal features differ between apes and humans, with apes having an angled foramen magnum and longer arms.
Primate Families and Superfamilies
- Hominoidea superfamily includes Ponginae and Gorillinae while Cercopithecinae, Colobinae belong to Old World monkeys.
- The primate taxonomy reflects evolutionary relationships based on shared characteristics.
Conservation Efforts
- Nearly half of the 600 primate taxa are endangered primarily due to human actions, necessitating intervention.
- Anthropologists protect endangered species through habitat introduction, community collaboration, and studying primates in their natural environments.
Enhanced Sense of Touch
- Enhanced tactile perception in primates is attributed to dermal ridges and the presence of fingernails and toenails.
- Opposable thumbs and digit count do not directly contribute to improved touch.
Primate Dentition
- The canine teeth represent the "honing complex" for certain primates.
- Different primates are categorized by their dental formulas, with humans, macaques, and chimpanzees all sharing 2.1.2.3.
Global Distribution of Primates
- New World monkeys are found in the Americas while prosimians inhabit regions in Africa and Asia.
- Australia does not support native populations of nonhuman primates.
Brain and Body Mass Correlation
- Humans possess a higher brain size than what is expected for their body mass, differentiating them from other primates.
- Some primate species, particularly strepsirrhines, show lower brain mass relative to body size.
Defining Primate Traits
- Key traits defining primates include significant parental investment, arboreal adaptation, and dietary flexibility.
- Primitive traits retained by strepsirrhines include a rhinarium and specialized diets, while traits like forward-facing eyes are not retained.
Benefits of Studying Primates
- Research on primates aids in species conservation, advances in medicine, understanding human origins, and provides insights into human behavior, including social conflicts.
Primate Taxa Classification
- Strepsirrhini includes species like the Slow Loris and aye-aye, while Haplorrhini encompasses tarsius, orangutans, and olive baboons.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 6 with these flashcards covering classifications, nonhuman primate skeletal structures, and more. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of biological relationships and characteristics.