Classification of Fingerprints

Study Notes

Fingerprint Classifications

Arch Fingerprint: Ridges enter from one side, rise in the center, and exit on the other side; lacks deltas and cores.
Plain Arch Fingerprint: No detailed definition provided; characterized by simple upward ridges without tent-like formation.
Tented Arch Fingerprint: Variation of the plain arch; features a lifted center resembling a pitched tent shape.

Loop Fingerprints

Loop Fingerprint: Ridges start at one side, curve upwards, and exit the opposite side; includes one core and one delta.
Radial Loop: Loops open towards the thumb, an important distinction in fingerprint analysis.
Ulnar Loop: Loops open towards the pinky finger, indicating the direction of the curve.

Whorl Fingerprints

Whorl Fingerprint: Contains a central circle with ridges encircling it; requires at least one core and two deltas.
Plain Whorl: Two deltas present, with a line drawn between them intersecting the central pocket.
Central Pocket Whorl: One or more free recurving ridges and two delta points; does not bisect core group ridges.
Accidental Whorl: Combination of multiple fingerprint patterns; cannot fit any single classification.
Double Loop Whorl: Characterized by two deltas with ridge lines that curve around each other in an S shape.

Minutiae Features

Ending Ridge: A simple, straight ridge line.
Fork (Bifurcation) Minutiae: Occurs when a ridge separates into two distinct lines.
Dot Minutiae: Defined as a small round mark or spot on the ridge.
Bridge Minutiae: Connection between two ridge lines.
Hook Minutiae: A ridge that curves and ends from another ridge.
Eye Minutiae: Features one ridge line diverging into two and then reconnecting.
Double Fork Minutiae: Resembles a two-pronged fork with an additional prong extending from one of the prongs.
Delta Minutiae: A bifurcation with a dot located in its center.
Core: The central point of a loop or whorl fingerprint pattern.
Triple Fork Minutiae: A unique three-pronged fork-like appearance in ridge patterns.

Description

This quiz focuses on the classification of different types of fingerprint patterns, including arch fingerprints and their variations. You will learn about unique characteristics such as the absence of deltas in arch patterns. Perfect for students studying forensic science or criminal justice.