Class 10 Science: Periodic Classification of Elements Quiz

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Questions and Answers

किसने 1869 में आवर्त सारणी की अवधारणा पेश की थी?

जॉन डॉल्टन

डिमित्री मेंडेलीएव (correct)

माइकल फारैडे

मोसली

किस दिशा में एक पीरियड में चलने पर परमाणु आकार कम होता है?

नीचे की दिशा

बाएं की दिशा

दाएं की दिशा (correct)

ऊपर की दिशा

समूहों में तत्वों के समान रासायनिक गुणों का क्या कारण है?

परमाणु संक्रमण

परमाणु संख्या (correct)

परमाणु भार

परमाणु संरचन

किस समूह में परमाणु संरचन 1s2 2s2 2p6 होता है?

17 समूह (VIIA) Signup and view all the answers

किस गुण में पीरियड में चलने पर परमाणु संप्रेरकता कम होती है?

परमाणु संख्या Signup and view all the answers

किस दिशा में समूह में चलने पर परमाणु संप्रेरकता बढ़ती है?

नीचे की दिशा Signup and view all the answers

अवर धारिता सांगणिक समूह में कितने समूह होते हैं?

१० Signup and view all the answers

किस समूह में 'स्वर्ण' और 'अर्थशास्त्रीय पृष्ठभाग' समूह शामिल होता है?

१५ Signup and view all the answers

'नाइट्रोजन' और 'फास्फोरस' समूह किस नाम से जाने जाते हैं?

क्रियावी समूह Signup and view all the answers

'सुल्फर', 'सेलेनियम' और 'तेलुरियम' किस समूह में आते हैं?

संक्रांति धातु Signup and view all the answers

'लोहा', 'निकेल', और 'प्लैटिनम' किस क्रम में किस समूह में आते हैं?

प्रतिरक्षी समूह, पत्र 6 Signup and view all the answers

'लाठनाइड' और 'ऐक्टिनाइड' किस पीरियड में पाए जाते हैं?

'लाठनाइड' और 'ऐक्टिनाइड' को कोई पीरियड में नहीं जोड़ा Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Periodic Classification of Elements in Science Class 10th

In our science curriculum for Class 10, the periodic classification of elements is a fundamental concept that unlocks the door to understanding the vast world of chemical elements. This topic allows students to appreciate the organization of the elements and grasp their unique properties.

Dmitri Mendeleev and His Periodic Table

Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, introduced the concept of the periodic table in 1869. He arranged the elements in a systematic fashion, allowing for the prediction of undiscovered elements based on their properties. The periodic table is not just a table, but rather a powerful tool that helps us understand the periodicity of properties within the elements.

Periodic Trends

The periodic table organizes elements into rows (periods) and columns (groups). Each element in a group shares similar chemical properties. The periodic trends, such as atomic size, electron configuration, and ionization energy, can be observed as we move across rows and down columns.

Atomic size: The atomic size decreases as we move left to right within a period, and it increases as we move down a group.
Electron configuration: Elements in the same group share the same number of valence electrons, leading to similar chemical behavior.
Ionization energy: As we move left to right within a period, ionization energy increases. However, it decreases as we move down a group.

The Modern Periodic Table

The periodic table has evolved over the years, with the latest version including 118 elements, 8 of which are synthetic. The elements are organized into 18 groups and 7 periods.

Periodic Tables for Physics and Chemistry

The periodic table is a valuable tool for both physical and chemical studies. Physicists study the behavior of electrons within an atom, while chemists focus on the chemical properties of elements and their compounds. Despite these differences, the periodic table remains a unifying tool for both fields.

Group Classification

Elements in the periodic table are classified into ten groups.

Group 1: Alkali Metals (e.g., H, Li, Na)
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (e.g., Be, Mg, Ca)
Group 13: Boron and Aluminum Group (e.g., B, Al, Ga)
Group 14: Carbon and Silicon Group (e.g., C, Si, Ge)
Group 15: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Group (e.g., N, P, As)
Group 16: Oxygen and Sbromine Group (e.g., O, S, Se)
Group 17: Halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br)
Group 18: Noble Gases (e.g., He, Ne, Ar)

Period Classification

Elements are classified into seven periods.

Period 1: Hydrogen
Period 2: Alkali Metals and Alkaline Earth Metals
Period 3: Transition Metals
Period 4: Lanthanides (Rare Earth Metals)
Period 5: Actinides (Rare Earth Metals)
Period 6: Transition Metals
Period 7: Halogens and Noble Gases

Understanding the periodic classification of elements provides a strong foundation for students to explore the vast world of chemistry. This knowledge will serve as a stepping stone to more advanced topics, such as chemical bonding, thermodynamics, and the structure of matter.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the periodic classification of elements in Science Class 10 with this quiz. Explore concepts such as Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table, periodic trends, group and period classification, and the modern periodic table. Enhance your understanding of atomic size, electron configuration, ionization energy, and the properties of different element groups.