Cirrhosis Common Findings and Diagnosis Approaches
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Questions and Answers

What should prompt consideration for congestive heart failure?

  • Bilateral lower-extremity edema sparing the dorsum of the feet
  • Lack of pitting edema
  • Heat intolerance, fatigue, and weight loss
  • Presence of dyspnea or orthopnea (correct)

Which condition may be suggested by heat intolerance, fatigue, and weight loss?

  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Graves disease (correct)
  • Superficial venous thrombosis
  • Lipedema

What can disrupt lymphatic drainage resulting in lymphedema?

  • Orthopnea
  • Pretibial myxedema
  • Active malignancy
  • Previous radiation or surgery to an extremity (correct)

Which of the following is associated with CVI, DVT, or early lymphedema?

<p>Pitting edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bilateral lower-extremity edema sparing the dorsum of the feet suggest?

<p>Lipedema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically associated with tenderness, according to the text?

<p>Lipedema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diagnostic test if the diagnosis of lymphedema is unclear?

<p>Lymphoscintigraphy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is specifically mentioned for improving edema from chronic venous insufficiency?

<p>Ruscus extract and horse chestnut seed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which compartment does edema result from excess fluid accumulation?

<p>Interstitial fluid compartment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT contribute to edema according to the text?

<p>Decreased permeability of the endothelial barrier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapy is cited as effective for most causes of edema?

<p>Compression therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body water is in the intracellular compartment?

<p>Two-thirds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common finding for cirrhosis?

<p>Ascites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the initial laboratory workup include for evaluating edema?

<p>Brain natriuretic peptide levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a practical diagnostic approach for stratifying edema?

<p>Based on duration and location (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is more useful than any single clinical feature in diagnosing DVT?

<p>High Wells score (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should patients with a low pretest probability of DVT undergo?

<p>D-dimer testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing to start manual lymphatic drainage for patients with lymphedema?

<p>Simultaneously with initial compression therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential causes should be considered in the differential diagnosis with acute lower-extremity edema?

<p>DVT, cellulitis, trauma, and hematoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does exercise benefit patients with lymphedema?

<p>It promotes lymphatic flow by activating surrounding muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients with lymphedema monitor their skin and use moisturizers?

<p>To prevent skin infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what reason should patients with persistent or progressive symptoms be referred to a lymphatic surgeon?

<p>To evaluate for tissue debulking or lymphovenous bypass surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reducing swelling in patients with lymphedema, what was the finding of the 2015 Cochrane review regarding manual lymphatic drainage?

<p>Adding manual lymphatic drainage to compression bandages reduces swelling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication is focused on evaluating the use of d-dimer in diagnosing suspected deep-vein thrombosis?

<p>Evaluation of d-dimer in the diagnosis of suspected deep-vein thrombosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication would be most relevant for assessing peripheral edema quantitatively?

<p>Reliability and feasibility of methods to quantitatively assess peripheral edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication would be best suited for exploring the diagnosis and management of edema?

<p>Edema: diagnosis and management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication would be most relevant for studying drug-induced peripheral edema?

<p>Drug-induced peripheral oedema: an aetiology-based review (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which publication would one find information on risk factors for venous thromboembolism?

<p>Risk factors for venous thromboembolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication would be most suitable for exploring the effects of preventive use of compression stockings for elderly with chronic venous insufficiency?

<p>Effects of preventive use of compression stockings for elderly with chronic venous insufficiency and swollen legs: a systematic review and meta-analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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