Circulatory System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of plasma in the blood?

Remove foreign matter from the body

Clot blood at injury sites

Transport oxygen to the tissues

Prevent fluid from leaking into tissues (correct)

Red blood cells help transport carbon dioxide away from the body's tissues.

True

What part of the circulatory system carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Arteries

The primary function of __________ is to seek out and remove bacteria and viruses.

white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the following blood components to their primary functions:

Platelets = Clot blood to prevent bleeding Red blood cells = Transport oxygen Plasma = Carry nutrients and proteins White blood cells = Fight infections Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood vessel returns blood to the heart?

Veins Signup and view all the answers

Capillaries allow for the exchange of oxygen and nutrients with organs and muscles.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the main protein found in plasma, and what is its primary role?

Albumin; prevents fluid leakage into tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of blood flow starting from oxygen-poor blood entering the heart?

Superior vena cava -> Right atrium -> Tricuspid valve -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary artery Signup and view all the answers

The diaphragm contracts and expands during exhalation.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the major organ responsible for gas exchange in the body?

Lung Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is a hollow tube that allows air to pass from the pharynx to the lungs.

trachea Signup and view all the answers

Match the respiratory system components with their functions:

Nasal passage = Moistens and humidifies inspired air Oral cavity = Allows for inhalation of air Pharynx = Common path for food and air Larynx = Produces sound; contains vocal cords Signup and view all the answers

Which component protects the lungs and heart?

Ribs Signup and view all the answers

Gas exchange in the lungs is referred to as internal respiration.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the aorta in the circulatory system?

It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Circulatory System

The circulatory system transports nutrients, hormones, oxygen and other gases to organs, muscles and tissues for energy, growth and repair.
Blood is the medium for transporting these resources throughout the body. It is contained within blood vessels and pumped by the heart. Blood is distributed throughout the body, linking every system.
Vessels are the structures through which blood moves.
The heart acts as a pump, moving blood throughout the body.

Blood Composition

Plasma: Comprises 90% water, containing blood cells, clotting factors, sugars, fats, vitamins, minerals, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, and other proteins.
- Albumin is a key protein preventing fluid leakage into tissues.
Red blood cells: Transport oxygen using hemoglobin and carry away carbon dioxide from tissues.
White blood cells: Seek out and remove bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other foreign matter.
Platelets: Clot blood when skin is damaged, aiding in healing and preventing further blood loss, releasing clotting chemicals.

Blood Vessels

Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. They are thick and elastic to withstand pressure.
Veins: Return blood to the heart. They are less thick and elastic, with lower blood pressure and slower flow.
Capillaries: Allow for the exchange of oxygen and nutrients from blood to muscles and organs, and allow blood to pick up waste products and carbon dioxide from metabolism.

Respiratory System

The respiratory system takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide.
Gas exchange involves two types:
- External respiration: Moving oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the body.
- Internal respiration: Moving oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of cells.

Respiratory System Components

Nasal passage: Moistens and humidifies inspired air.
Oral cavity: Allows for inhalation of air.
Pharynx: Common path for food and air.
Larynx: Produces sound, contains vocal cords.
Trachea: Hollow tube for air passage from the pharynx to the lungs.
Bronchi: Main branches of the trachea.
Lungs: Major organ of respiration.
Heart: Major organ of the cardiovascular system; pumps blood to body tissues.
Ribs: Protect the lungs and heart.
Diaphragm: Contracts and flattens during inhalation to enlarge the chest cavity, pulling air into the lungs.

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Description

This quiz explores the circulatory system, focusing on its components and functions. It covers blood composition, including plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Test your knowledge on how the circulatory system supports the body through transport and protection.