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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of blood in the circulatory system?
What is the main function of blood in the circulatory system?
- Serving as a vehicle for the transport of substances (correct)
- Producing respiratory gases like O2 and CO2
- Regulating body temperature and osmotic balance of tissues
- Transporting waste products from other organs to the digestive system
What is the composition of plasma?
What is the composition of plasma?
- 90% nutrients, 9% water, and 1% proteins
- 90% water, 9% nutrients, and 1% respiratory gases
- 90% proteins, 9% nutrients, and 1% water
- 90% water, 9% proteins, and 1% nutrients and respiratory gases (correct)
What helps maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood and normal blood volume?
What helps maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood and normal blood volume?
- Plasma proteins (correct)
- Hormones and signaling molecules
- Respiratory gases (O2 and CO2)
- Platelets and leukocytes
What is the function of tissue fluid as it passes from the blood capillaries to the connective tissue?
What is the function of tissue fluid as it passes from the blood capillaries to the connective tissue?
Which component makes up approximately 54% of blood?
Which component makes up approximately 54% of blood?
Why is the passage of fluid from the blood to the connective tissue limited?
Why is the passage of fluid from the blood to the connective tissue limited?
What is the main function of platelets?
What is the main function of platelets?
Where do platelets originate from?
Where do platelets originate from?
What are the granules of platelets composed of?
What are the granules of platelets composed of?
What is the role of vWF in platelet adhesion?
What is the role of vWF in platelet adhesion?
What triggers the coagulation cascade?
What triggers the coagulation cascade?
Where does hematopoiesis first occur during embryonic development?
Where does hematopoiesis first occur during embryonic development?
What do pluripotent stem cells give rise to?
What do pluripotent stem cells give rise to?
What happens when endothelial cells release prostacyclines and NO?
What happens when endothelial cells release prostacyclines and NO?
Which factor binds to the platelets and forms a network after vessel repair?
Which factor binds to the platelets and forms a network after vessel repair?
What do α (alpha) granules of platelets contain?
What do α (alpha) granules of platelets contain?
What is the lifespan of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
What is the lifespan of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
Which of the following cells has a nucleus and organelles?
Which of the following cells has a nucleus and organelles?
What is the function of neutrophils in the body?
What is the function of neutrophils in the body?
Which leukocyte type is responsible for attacking foreign cells or cells altered by viruses and destroying them?
Which leukocyte type is responsible for attacking foreign cells or cells altered by viruses and destroying them?
What is the function of eosinophils in the body?
What is the function of eosinophils in the body?
Which type of leukocytes contains specific granules that are stained with acid dyes?
Which type of leukocytes contains specific granules that are stained with acid dyes?
What gives red color to erythrocytes and blood in general?
What gives red color to erythrocytes and blood in general?
Where do monocytes migrate to after remaining in the blood for a few days?
Where do monocytes migrate to after remaining in the blood for a few days?
What is the shape of erythrocytes which gives them a high surface-volume ratio?
What is the shape of erythrocytes which gives them a high surface-volume ratio?
Which leukocyte type has an S-shaped nucleus usually masked by specific granules?
Which leukocyte type has an S-shaped nucleus usually masked by specific granules?
What is the function of hemoglobin in the erythrocytes?
What is the function of hemoglobin in the erythrocytes?
Study Notes
Blood Composition and Functions
- Blood is composed of plasma, erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and platelets
- Plasma makes up approximately 54% of blood and is composed of 92% water, 7% proteins, and 1% nutrients, hormones, gases, and waste products
- Plasma helps maintain osmotic pressure and normal blood volume
Platelets and Coagulation
- Platelets originate from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow
- Platelets contain alpha granules composed of clotting factors, fibrinogen, and platelet-derived growth factor, and dense bodies containing serotonin and adenine nucleotides
- Von Willebrand factor (vWF) plays a role in platelet adhesion
- The coagulation cascade is triggered by tissue factor and leads to the formation of a blood clot
Leukocytes and Immune Response
- Leukocytes are produced through hematopoiesis in the bone marrow
- Pluripotent stem cells give rise to all blood cells
- Neutrophils are phagocytic and play a role in bacterial killing
- Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells are responsible for attacking foreign cells or cells altered by viruses
- Eosinophils play a role in parasitic infections and allergic reactions
- Basophils contain specific granules that are stained with acid dyes
- Monocytes migrate to tissues and mature into macrophages
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
- Erythrocytes are biconcave disk-shaped cells with a high surface-volume ratio
- Hemoglobin gives erythrocytes and blood their red color
- Hemoglobin's main function is to transport oxygen from lungs to tissues
- Erythrocytes have a lifespan of approximately 120 days
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Description
Test your knowledge about the composition and functions of blood, including its role in transporting substances, such as nutrients and waste products, throughout the body.
