Circulatory System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the organ that pumps blood throughout the body?

Heart

What is the size of the heart?

About the size of a fist

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Right and Left Atrium and Ventricles

What is the function of the Vena Cava?

<p>Deoxygenated entrance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Right Atrium and Ventricle?

<p>Receiving chambers of deoxygenated blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Tricuspid Valve?

<p>Controls blood flow for RA and RV</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does gas exchange happen in the circulatory system?

<p>Pulmonary Valve, Pulmonary Artery, Lungs, Pulmonary Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart is the largest and strongest?

<p>Left Ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Mitral Valve?

<p>Controls blood flow for LA and LV</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Aortic Valve?

<p>Aorta systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of blood circulation?

<p>Coronary, Pulmonary, Systemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Coronary circulation?

<p>Heart and its tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Systemic circulation?

<p>To the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?

<p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel carries blood towards the heart?

<p>Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel connects the smallest arteries to the smallest veins?

<p>Capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are gametes?

<p>Organisms reproductive cell (sperm &amp; egg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a zygote?

<p>Fertilized ovum or egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a chromosome?

<p>Thread-like structure inside the nucleus and plant cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cell division?

<p>Parent cell produce two daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mitosis?

<p>Product of division of parent cell (mitosis and meiosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does haploid mean?

<p>Quality cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are homologous chromosomes?

<p>Pair are similar length, centromere and staining pattern, for genes with same corresponding loci</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prokaryote?

<p>Cell lacks nucleus and organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cytokinesis?

<p>One cell is physically divided into two daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reproduction?

<p>A biological process when the same species produces offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of reproduction?

<p>Sexual and Asexual</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is asexual reproduction?

<p>Continuous process, producing another generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Binary Fission?

<p>Cell divides into 2 daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of Binary Fission?

<p>Irregular in Amoeba - the regular process of splitting up, Longitudinal in Euglena - splits vertically (lengthwise), Transverse in Paramecium - it splits into two, but sticks together</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is budding?

<p>Offspring is attached to its parent when born</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is parthenogenesis?

<p>Embryo forms and develops without fertilization by a gamete</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sporogenesis?

<p>Forming spores that can be used in reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fragmentation?

<p>Organism breaks off from itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main processes of fertilization?

<p>Fertilization (fusion of gametes) and Formation of Gametes (cell division)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pollination?

<p>Male sex organ, found in pollen grains, produced in anthers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is genetic engineering?

<p>Manipulation of genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gene modification?

<p>Done by adding or removing a region of DNA into another organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gene cloning?

<p>To produce large amounts, gene is isolated &gt; inserted to plasmid &gt; replicate identical copies</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of GMOs?

<p>Crops, Animals, Microorganisms, Pharmacies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Circulatory System

  • The heart is a hollow, muscular organ about the size of a fist.
  • Coronary vessels surround the heart.
  • The heart pumps blood throughout the entire body.
  • The heart has four chambers: right and left atria and ventricles.
  • The heart has four valves: tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary, and aortic.
  • The vena cava is the deoxygenated entrance, with superior and inferior sections.
  • The right atrium and ventricle receive deoxygenated blood.
  • The tricuspid valve controls blood flow between the right atrium and ventricle.
  • The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
  • Gas exchange occurs in the lungs.
  • The left atrium and ventricle receive oxygenated blood.
  • The mitral valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and ventricle.
  • The left ventricle is the heart's largest and strongest chamber.
  • The aortic valve controls blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.
  • The aorta is part of the systemic circulation.
  • There are three types of blood circulation: coronary, pulmonary, and systemic.

Reproduction

  • Reproduction is a biological process in which a species produces offspring.
  • It is a continuous process.
  • There are two different types: sexual and asexual.

Asexual Reproduction

  • Binary fission: a type of cell division in which a cell splits into two daughter cells.
  • Types include irregular (Amoeba), longitudinal (Euglena), and transverse (Paramecium).
  • Budding: the offspring remains attached to the parent until it can detach and live independently.
  • It occurs in unicellular and multicellular organisms.
  • Parthenogenesis: an embryo develops without fertilization.
  • Sporogenesis: process used in reproduction. It involves spores produced for reproduction.
  • Fragmentation: parts of an organism break off and develop into new individuals.

Sexual Reproduction

  • Fertilization: fusion of gametes (sperm and egg).
  • Viviparity: embryo develops inside the parent's body.
  • Oviparity: laying developing eggs.
  • Formation of gametes: meiosis and cell division.
  • Pollination: transfer of pollen from the stamen (male part of a flower) to the pistil (female part of a flower).

Regeneration

  • Regrowth of lost body parts.

Genetic Engineering

  • Manipulation of genetic material.
  • Recombinant DNA Technology.
  • Gene Modification.
  • Process of genetic engineering.
  • Gene cloning: producing large amounts of a gene.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

  • Crops, animals, microorganisms, and pharmacies can be genetically modified.
  • Improves yield, growth rates and nutritional value.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the circulatory system, focusing on the structure and function of the heart. This quiz covers the heart's chambers, valves, and the flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Perfect for students studying human anatomy and physiology.

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