Human Circulatory System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of blood cell is primarily involved in the body's defense against infections?

Platelet

Monocyte

Neutrophil (correct)

Eosinophil

What is the function of the chordae tendineae in the heart?

To facilitate blood flow into the ventricles

To separate the left and right atria

To regulate blood pressure within the heart

To anchor the heart valves to the ventricular walls (correct)

Which structure prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium?

Aortic semilunar valve

Tricuspid valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Bicuspid valve (correct)

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Pulmonary veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of platelets in the circulatory system?

Clotting blood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins is classified as a superficial vein?

Great saphenous Signup and view all the answers

Which artery branches from the internal iliac?

Femoral circumflex artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dorsal venous arch?

Drain blood from the foot Signup and view all the answers

Which vein is located posteriorly in relation to the lower limb?

Small saphenous vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins transports blood from the anterior aspect of the leg?

Anterior tibial vein Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is primarily associated with the anterior communicating artery in the circle of Willis?

Internal carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

What role does the posterior cerebral artery play in the circle of Willis?

It supplies blood to the occipital lobe. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries is paired with the structure it primarily supplies?

Superior mesenteric - small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which structure removes deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

Pulmonary trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is part of the major systemic arteries but does not branch directly off the aortic arch?

Axillary artery Signup and view all the answers

Where is the anterior cerebral artery located?

In the circle of Willis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries does NOT supply the brain?

Celiac trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the brain and the back of the neck?

Vertebral artery Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is responsible for supplying blood to the frontal lobe?

Anterior cerebral artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary drainage route for venous blood from the head and neck?

Internal jugular vein Signup and view all the answers

Which vein is commonly recognized for its role in venipuncture in the upper limb?

Median cubital vein Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is associated with the blood supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?

Anterior tibial artery Signup and view all the answers

What structure is primarily responsible for returning deoxygenated blood from the lower limbs?

Inferior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins are classified as superficial veins in the upper limb?

Basilic vein Signup and view all the answers

What type of circulation is characterized by the flow of blood from the placenta to the fetus?

Fetal circulation Signup and view all the answers

Which artery branches directly off the subclavian artery?

Vertebral artery Signup and view all the answers

Which vein is mainly responsible for draining blood from the upper body into the heart?

Brachiocephalic vein Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the upper limb?

Subclavian artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for the main vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the heart?

Inferior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

Which artery branches off from the aortic arch to supply blood to the right arm and head?

Brachiocephalic artery Signup and view all the answers

What role does the coronary artery play in the circulatory system?

Supplies blood to the heart muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which major vein is located on the left side and connects to the superior vena cava?

Left brachiocephalic vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the aortic arch in the circulatory system?

To distribute oxygenated blood to the head, neck, and arms Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is found at the apex of the heart?

Coronary artery Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

A and P II: Blood and Major Blood Vessels (Fetal Pig and Human Torso)

This section covers the blood and major blood vessels in fetal pigs and human torsos.

Blood Cells

Images of various blood cells (lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, basophil, eosinophil, red blood cell) are presented.
Abbreviations are used for each type: N - Neutrophil, R - Red blood cell, and E - Eosinophil.

Internal Structures of the Heart

Images of the internal structures of the heart are displayed.
Key structures include chordae tendineae (in the left ventricle), pulmonary trunk, right ventricle myocardium, right ventricle chamber, interventricular septum, left ventricle myocardium, left ventricle chamber, interventricular septum, papillary muscles (in both left and right ventricles), aorta, left atrium, and bicuspid valve.

Internal Structures (Continued)

Further internal heart structures are shown, including chordae tendineae, endocardium, myocardium, epicardium (visceral pericardium), and various valve components (aortic and bicuspid).
Locations like the chamber of the left ventricle, interventricular septum, and the chambers of the right ventricle are pointed out.

Heart: Posterior Surface View

The image shows the heart's posterior surface.
Key structures like the superior vena cava, left pulmonary artery, left pulmonary veins, right atrium, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus, right coronary artery, posterior interventricular artery, middle cardiac vein, and right ventricle are labeled.

Frontal Section of Heart Chambers and Valves

Diagram displays the interior chambers and valves of the heart.
Labeled components include superior vena cava, right pulmonary artery, right pulmonary veins, right atrium, fossa ovalis, pectinate muscles, right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid), right ventricle, chordae tendineae, inferior vena cava, trabeculae carneae, aorta, left pulmonary artery, left atrium, left pulmonary veins, pulmonary semilunar valve, left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid), left ventricle, interventricular septum, myocardium, and visceral pericardium.

Major Veins Draining into the Heart

The image shows major veins connecting to the heart.
Right internal jugular vein, right external jugular vein, and right subclavian vein are seen connecting to the superior vena cava; these are seen draining into the heart from the upper body. Anterior vena cava is noted to be the superior vena cava in humans.

Arteries Supplying Head and Upper Limbs

The diagram illustrates major arteries supplying the head and upper limbs.
Labeled arteries include right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery, brachiocephalic artery, pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle, and the aortic arch.

Major Arteries (Head, Upper, and Lower Limbs)

Diagram of major arteries further detailing the flow to the head, upper, and lower limbs.
Labelled are left ventricle, right subclavian artery, right common carotid artery, trachea, anterior, pulmonary artery, aorta, ductus arteriosus, left common carotid artery, brachiocephalic artery, aortic arch, and left subclavian artery.

The Heart and Major Blood Vessels

Image highlighting the heart and major blood vessels.
Labeled components include brachiocephalic artery, right atrium, right ventricle, coronary artery in anterior interventricular sulcus, left ventricle, and apex of the heart.

Major Human Blood Vessels of the Thorax and Abdomen

The image displays major human blood vessels in the thorax and abdomen.
Labeled vessels include internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, subclavian vein, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, inferior vena cava, renal artery, renal vein, gonadal artery and vein, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, abdominal aorta, inferior mesenteric artery, common iliac, external iliac, and internal iliac.

The Heart and the Great Vessels

Image illustrating the heart and its great vessels.
Labeled components include the brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian artery, left brachiocephalic vein, right brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, ascending aorta, aortic arch, ligamentum arteriosum, left pulmonary artery, left pulmonary veins, pulmonary trunk, right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, coronary artery, and cardiac vein.

Major Systemic Arteries

Image showing major systemic arteries.
Arteries are labeled including vertebral, right subclavian, brachiocephalic, aortic arch, ascending aorta, celiac trunk, brachial, radial, ulnar, right common carotid, left common carotid, left subclavian, axillary, pulmonary trunk, descending aorta, diaphragm, superior mesenteric, renal, gonadal, inferior mesenteric, common iliac, internal iliac, external iliac, palmar arches, deep femoral, and femoral arteries.

Cerebral Arterial Circle (Circle of Willis)

Image illustrating the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis).
Labelled are anterior communicating artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior communicating artery, posterior cerebral artery, basilar artery, vertebral artery, and cerebellum. Anatomical location is in the brain.

Arteries of the Head and Neck

Diagram of arteries supplying the head and neck.
Arteries include superficial temporal, maxillary, occipital, facial, lingual, external carotid, internal carotid, superior thyroid, common carotid, subclavian, and brachiocephalic arteries.
Vertebral artery and clavicle are also clearly visible.

Major Arteries of the Lower Limb

Diagram of major arteries in the lower limb.
Arteries are labeled including common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, femoral, popliteal, anterior tibial, posterior tibial, fibular, dorsalis pedis, medial plantar, lateral plantar, dorsal arch, and plantar arch; right external iliac is also presented.

Venous Drainage Head and Neck

Image displaying venous drainage of the head and neck.
Veins include superior sagittal sinus, great cerebral, dural sinuses, vertebral, external jugular, right subclavian, clavicle, first rib, temporal, maxillary, facial, internal jugular, right brachiocephalic, left brachiocephalic, superior vena cava, and internal thoracic.

Venous Drainage (Upper Limb, Chest, and Abdomen)

Diagram showing venous drainage in the upper limb, chest, and abdomen.
Veins include superior vena cava, hepatic veins, renal veins, gonadal veins, common iliac, internal iliac, external iliac, superficial veins, deep veins, vertebral, internal jugular, external jugular, subclavian, brachiocephalic, axillary, cephalic, brachial, inferior vena cava, basilic, adrenal veins, median cubital, radial, ulnar, palmar venous arches, and digital veins.

Venous Drainage (Abdomen)

Image illustrating the venous drainage in the abdomen.
Veins include inferior vena cava (not part of the hepatic portal system), hepatic portal vein, gastric veins, spleen, stomach, splenic vein, inferior mesenteric vein, superior mesenteric vein, small intestine, and large intestine.

Fetal Circulation

Diagram of fetal circulation.
Components include superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, hepatic vein, hepatic portal vein, umbilical vein, fetal umbilicus, umbilical cord, umbilical arteries, aorta, common iliac artery, external iliac artery, internal iliac artery, urinary bladder, and placenta. High, moderate, low, and very low oxygenation zones are labeled.

Venous Drainage from the Lower Limb

Image of venous drainage from the lower limb.
Components include femoral circumflex, femoral, great saphenous, small saphenous, common iliac, internal iliac, external iliac, posterior tibial, fibular, anterior tibial, dorsal venous arch, plantar venous arch, digital, anterior and posterior views are shown.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the human circulatory system with this quiz. It covers various blood cells, heart structures, and functions related to blood flow. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.