Chronic Stress and Health Quiz

<p>Magnifying emotional distress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring optimal health until the end of life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the chance of catching a cold. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They protect chromosomes from degradation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals working at high-stress airports. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cellular senescence and death. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic stress can worsen mental health conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It accelerates telomere shortening. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of heart disease. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in regular physical activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social support is linked to improved health and longevity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases prefrontal cortex activity and decreases amygdala activity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic stress can accelerate telomere shortening. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases stress hormones. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sleep disorders such as nightmares (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approaching challenges with a positive mindset. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experiencing bullying or oppression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces amygdala activity during positive appraisal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates the adrenal gland to release adrenaline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased levels of blood pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effective techniques can promote resilience and reduce mental health issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are perceived as overwhelmingly challenging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced digestive function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systems related to arousal and attention. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of developing anxiety disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can result in stress-induced distraction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Living under oppressive political conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is always harmful and negative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contribute to overall stress levels and discomfort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased heart attacks on the day of the event (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cortisol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It triggers the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced digestive processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heightened risk of depression and anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolation from social interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By promoting long-term inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cortisol release from the adrenal cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Telomere shortening (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digestion enhancement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amygdala (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

People experiencing high stress are more susceptible to catching colds compared to those less stressed.

Long-term stress can increase the risk of high blood pressure in different age groups, especially in high-stress environments like air traffic control.

In social hierarchies, the dominant monkey tends to show more arterial plaque buildup (atherosclerosis).

Telomeres are protective caps on chromosomes that shorten each time a cell divides. Shortened telomeres can lead to cell death and limit cell division.

Telomere shortening is linked to cellular aging, triggering stress responses associated with age-related diseases.

Chronic stress can accelerate the shortening of telomeres, potentially speeding up the aging process and diseases.

Cells that stop dividing due to shortened telomeres. These cells secrete chemicals that trigger inflammation and diseases.

Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from damage, and each time a cell divides, telomeres become shorter.

Viewing a stressor as a challenge that can be overcome.

Viewing a stressor as overwhelming and insurmountable.

Brain region involved in higher-level thinking, including decision-making and emotional regulation.

Brain region associated with fear and anxiety responses.

Physical and psychological reaction to a perceived stressor.

Connection with others, including family, friends, and even pets, for emotional and physical well-being.

Hormonal system activated during stress, releasing cortisol.

Events or situations that cause stress.

Stress hormone that increases arousal and alertness.

Chemical messengers in the brain that transmit signals related to stress and arousal.

Events or conditions perceived as overwhelmingly challenging, threatening, or harmful that trigger the body's stress response.

Stressors differ in intensity and persistence. Some are short-lived, while others are chronic.

Events that most people agree are harmful and overwhelming, such as earthquakes, floods, or war.

Short-term effects include increased heart attacks, while long-term effects can include depression, anxiety, and flashbacks.

Daily challenges caused by too many tasks, too little time, and too little control, often accentuated by lack of social power and freedom.

The body's natural reaction to perceived threats, preparing us for vigorous activity (fight or flight).

It activates the adrenal gland to release adrenaline, increasing energy, heart rate, breathing, and focus.

Adrenaline increases glucose (energy) availability, cardiovascular output, lung capacity, and attention.

Subordinate social status can lead to chronic stress due to limited control, power, and freedom.

The stress response is a natural, protective mechanism, designed to help us face challenging situations.

Chronic stress can shorten telomeres, which are protective caps on chromosomes. Shortened telomeres are associated with aging and disease.

Chronic stress can reduce dopamine binding in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter linked to mood, motivation, and reward.

Subordinate monkeys in social hierarchies experience more stress, leading to lower dopamine levels and reduced dopamine binding in their brains.

Healthspan focuses on maximizing healthy years of life, while lifespan simply measures the length of life.

Addressing the source of stress directly to reduce its impact. Example: working out a conflict or tackling a difficult project.

The pupils of the eyes widen during stress, allowing more light to enter and improve vision. This is part of the "fight or flight" response, enhancing alertness and awareness.

The airways in the lungs expand during stress, allowing for increased oxygen intake. This helps the body prepare for physical exertion or escape.

Stress triggers a rapid increase in heart rate and blood pressure, pumping more blood and oxygen to muscles for quick action. This prepares the body for a physical response.

The liver releases stored glucose (sugar) into the bloodstream during stress to provide immediate energy. This fuels the body for quick action.

The adrenal glands release adrenaline, a powerful hormone that triggers the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood flow to muscles.

Stress inhibits digestive processes like digestion and absorption of food. This is because the body prioritizes energy for immediate survival needs.

The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is the body's quick-acting stress response system. It prepares the body for "fight or flight" by triggering changes like pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and glucose release.

The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls the release of many hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, and stress response.