40 Questions
What is the primary cause of barrel chest thorax configuration in patients with emphysema?
Loss of lung elasticity
What is the most cost-effective intervention to reduce the risk of developing COPD?
Smoking cessation
What is the purpose of obtaining a thorough health history from patients with known or potential COPD?
To assess the patient's overall health status
What is the ratio used to evaluate airway obstruction in spirometry?
FEV1 to forced vital capacity
What is the purpose of arterial blood gas measurement in COPD?
To assess baseline oxygenation and gas exchange
What is a major life-threatening complication of COPD?
Respiratory failure
What may be necessary for respiratory insufficiency in COPD?
Ventilator support
What is the purpose of a chest x-ray in COPD?
To exclude alternative diagnoses
What is a result of the chronic inflammatory process in COPD?
Narrowing of the airway lumen
What is a common symptom of COPD that worsens with exercise?
Dyspnea on exertion
What is the function of alpha1-antitrypsin in the lung?
To protect the lung parenchyma from injury
What is a result of alveolar wall destruction in COPD?
Decrease in elastic recoil
What is the effect of smoking on the respiratory tract's ciliary cleansing mechanism?
It depresses the activity of scavenger cells
What is a consequence of dyspnea in COPD patients?
Weight loss
What is the effect of chronic inflammation on the airways in COPD?
It causes scar formation and narrowing of the airway lumen
What is a characteristic of COPD?
It is a generally progressive disease
What is one of the purposes of assessing a patient's health history?
To determine any previous cardiovascular disease
What is the goal of encouraging ambulation and active and passive leg exercises in patients with pulmonary embolism?
To prevent venous stasis
What is one of the nursing diagnoses for a patient with pulmonary embolism?
Risk for shock related to increased workload of the right ventricle
What is monitored through INR or PTT in patients with pulmonary embolism?
Anticoagulant therapy
What is an important part of discharge and home care guidelines for patients with pulmonary embolism?
Instructing the patient on preventing recurrence
What is the purpose of turning the patient frequently and repositioning?
To improve ventilation-perfusion ratio
What is assessed during the physical exam in patients with pulmonary embolism?
Extremities for warmth, redness, and inflammation
What is an important nursing intervention in patients with pulmonary embolism?
Relieving anxiety
What is the primary purpose of pulse oximetry in pneumonia treatment?
To determine the need for oxygen
What is a critical component of nursing assessment in detecting pneumonia?
Assessing respiratory symptoms
What is the goal of removing secretions in pneumonia treatment?
To improve airway patency
What is a common symptom of bacterial pneumonia?
Night sweats
What is a respiratory assessment that should be performed in pneumonia?
Identifying clinical manifestations such as pleuritic pain
What is a nursing diagnosis related to impaired respiratory function in pneumonia?
Activity intolerance
What is a physical assessment that should be performed in pneumonia?
Assessing the changes in temperature and pulse
What is a specific consideration for elderly patients with pneumonia?
All of the above
What is a common initial symptom of asthma during an exacerbation?
Wheezing first on expiration
How can patients with recurrent asthma improve the quality of their care?
By gaining knowledge about asthma
What is a serious complication of untreated asthma that can lead to death?
Status asthmaticus
Which factor is mainly associated with asthma due to environmental changes?
High pollen counts
What is a preventive measure for dealing with asthma allergens?
Avoiding contact with allergens whenever possible
What can untreated asthma progress to, causing severe breathing difficulties?
Respiratory failure
Which condition is identified by testing for substances that precipitate asthma symptoms?
Drug-induced asthma
What can cause the development of pneumonia in asthma patients?
Mucus pooling in the lungs
Quiz about the physiological changes and effects of chronic inflammation in the airways, including scar formation, wall destruction, and impact on pulmonary vasculature.
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