Chronic Inflammatory Airways Disease

What is the primary cause of barrel chest thorax configuration in patients with emphysema?

Fixed position of the ribs in the expiratory position
Loss of lung elasticity (correct)
Weakened diaphragm
Increased lung elasticity

What is the most cost-effective intervention to reduce the risk of developing COPD?

CT scan
Pulmonary function studies
Chest x-ray
Smoking cessation (correct)

What is the purpose of obtaining a thorough health history from patients with known or potential COPD?

To assess the patient's overall health status (correct)
To confirm the diagnosis of COPD
To monitor disease progression
To determine disease severity

What is the ratio used to evaluate airway obstruction in spirometry?

FEV1 to forced vital capacity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of arterial blood gas measurement in COPD?

To assess baseline oxygenation and gas exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major life-threatening complication of COPD?

Respiratory failure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What may be necessary for respiratory insufficiency in COPD?

Ventilator support (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a chest x-ray in COPD?

To exclude alternative diagnoses (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of the chronic inflammatory process in COPD?

Narrowing of the airway lumen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of COPD that worsens with exercise?

Dyspnea on exertion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alpha1-antitrypsin in the lung?

To protect the lung parenchyma from injury (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of alveolar wall destruction in COPD?

Decrease in elastic recoil (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of smoking on the respiratory tract's ciliary cleansing mechanism?

It depresses the activity of scavenger cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of dyspnea in COPD patients?

Weight loss (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of chronic inflammation on the airways in COPD?

It causes scar formation and narrowing of the airway lumen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of COPD?

It is a generally progressive disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the purposes of assessing a patient's health history?

To determine any previous cardiovascular disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of encouraging ambulation and active and passive leg exercises in patients with pulmonary embolism?

To prevent venous stasis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the nursing diagnoses for a patient with pulmonary embolism?

Risk for shock related to increased workload of the right ventricle (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is monitored through INR or PTT in patients with pulmonary embolism?

Anticoagulant therapy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important part of discharge and home care guidelines for patients with pulmonary embolism?

Instructing the patient on preventing recurrence (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of turning the patient frequently and repositioning?

To improve ventilation-perfusion ratio (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed during the physical exam in patients with pulmonary embolism?

Extremities for warmth, redness, and inflammation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing intervention in patients with pulmonary embolism?

Relieving anxiety (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of pulse oximetry in pneumonia treatment?

To determine the need for oxygen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical component of nursing assessment in detecting pneumonia?

Assessing respiratory symptoms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of removing secretions in pneumonia treatment?

To improve airway patency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of bacterial pneumonia?

Night sweats (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a respiratory assessment that should be performed in pneumonia?

Identifying clinical manifestations such as pleuritic pain (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing diagnosis related to impaired respiratory function in pneumonia?

Activity intolerance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical assessment that should be performed in pneumonia?

Assessing the changes in temperature and pulse (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific consideration for elderly patients with pneumonia?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common initial symptom of asthma during an exacerbation?

Wheezing first on expiration (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can patients with recurrent asthma improve the quality of their care?

By gaining knowledge about asthma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a serious complication of untreated asthma that can lead to death?

Status asthmaticus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is mainly associated with asthma due to environmental changes?

High pollen counts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a preventive measure for dealing with asthma allergens?

Avoiding contact with allergens whenever possible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can untreated asthma progress to, causing severe breathing difficulties?

Respiratory failure (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is identified by testing for substances that precipitate asthma symptoms?

Drug-induced asthma (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause the development of pneumonia in asthma patients?

Mucus pooling in the lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers