33 Questions
What is the primary reason for the importance of land plants in today's ecological processes?
Being the primary producers in terrestrial food webs
Which evolutionary event dramatically influenced both terrestrial and aquatic conditions?
Evolution of land plants
What is the primary reason for land plants being considered the ancestor of green algae?
Cellulose cell walls in both types of organisms
Which pigment is found in land plants that allows them to carry out photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll a and b
How do land plants mainly support their bodies in terms of obtaining nutrients?
By being supported by water where nutrients are obtained
What is the primary focus of artificial selection?
Exaggerating desirable traits
Which evolutionary concept highlights the accumulation of changes in lineages without an increase in the number of species?
Anagenesis
What is a common misconception about evolution's progression according to the provided text?
Perfectly adapted species through selection
In Evolutionary Developmental Biology, what is the primary focus of study?
Timing and location of gene expression during development
Which type of genes control the transcription of developmental genes and can lead to significant morphological changes with minor alterations?
Homeotic genes
What can cause 'maladaptation' in species according to the text?
Lack of genotypic variation for maximal response to selection
What is the function of rhizoids in early plants?
Anchors
What is the defining characteristic of autopolyploidy?
Extra set of chromosomes within the same species
Which vascular tissue conducts sugars through the plant body?
Phloem
Which evolutionary biologist hypothesized the principle of use & disuse and the principle of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
Lamarck
What type of plants produce two types of spores?
Heterosporous
In allopolyploidy, how are the offspring's chromosomes derived?
Derived from two distinct parent species
What is the main function of xylem in plants?
Conduct water and minerals
What is the main observation leading to the inference of competition between individuals in a population for resources?
Resource availability is ultimately limited
What defines adaptive evolution?
Population's characteristics changing over time with advantageous traits becoming more common
Which type of plants produce one type of spore that develops into one type of gametophyte?
Homosporous
According to Lamarck, what allows organisms to adapt to environmental conditions?
Principle of use & disuse
What is the purpose of endosporous development in many heterosporous plants?
Increased protection for gametes and embryos
Which hormone promotes the growth and elongation of stems, lateral root formation, fruit development, and inhibits leaf abscission?
Gibberellin
What hormone is synthesized mostly in root tips, stimulates cell division, promotes leaf expansion, and inhibits leaf aging?
Cytokinin
Which hormone is crucial for regulating the growth, senescence, and abscission of leaves, flowers, and fruits in plants?
Ethylene
Which plant hormone promotes break dormancy in seeds and buds, increases internode distance, and helps in fruit and stem enlargement?
Gibberellin
In which tissues is auxin primarily responsible for promoting growth and elongation of stems, lateral root formation, and the orientation of plants with respect to light and gravity?
Shoot apical meristems
Which hormone stimulates cell division and elongation, differentiation of vascular tissue, and necessary for pollen elongation and tube formation?
Brassinosteroid
What hormone is synthesized in all plant parts, produced in response to environmental stress, and promotes responses such as inhibiting growth, inducing dormancy, and closing stomata in water-stressed plants?
Abscisic Acid
'Axial elongation of stems' is frequently promoted by which plant hormone?
Gibberellin
In which plant tissues can Brassinosteroids be found at their highest concentrations?
Shoot tips
What is the main function of Jasmonates in plant biology?
Regulate root growth
Test your knowledge on chromosomal aberrations such as euploidy, aneuploidy, and polyploidy, as well as concepts related to evolution and adaptation including Lamarck's contributions to evolutionary thought.
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