Chromosomal Aberrations and Evolutionary Thought Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the importance of land plants in today's ecological processes?

  • Being the primary producers in terrestrial food webs (correct)
  • Providing habitats for marine organisms
  • Acting as primary consumers in food chains
  • Absorbing excess atmospheric oxygen
  • Which evolutionary event dramatically influenced both terrestrial and aquatic conditions?

  • Emergence of insects
  • Evolution of land plants (correct)
  • Appearance of flowering plants
  • Evolution of marine mammals
  • What is the primary reason for land plants being considered the ancestor of green algae?

  • Multicellularity with specialized transport structures
  • Cellulose cell walls in both types of organisms (correct)
  • Similar storage of products as amylose starch
  • Use of chlorophyll in photosynthesis
  • Which pigment is found in land plants that allows them to carry out photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do land plants mainly support their bodies in terms of obtaining nutrients?

    <p>By being supported by water where nutrients are obtained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of artificial selection?

    <p>Exaggerating desirable traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary concept highlights the accumulation of changes in lineages without an increase in the number of species?

    <p>Anagenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about evolution's progression according to the provided text?

    <p>Perfectly adapted species through selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Evolutionary Developmental Biology, what is the primary focus of study?

    <p>Timing and location of gene expression during development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of genes control the transcription of developmental genes and can lead to significant morphological changes with minor alterations?

    <p>Homeotic genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause 'maladaptation' in species according to the text?

    <p>Lack of genotypic variation for maximal response to selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of rhizoids in early plants?

    <p>Anchors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of autopolyploidy?

    <p>Extra set of chromosomes within the same species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vascular tissue conducts sugars through the plant body?

    <p>Phloem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary biologist hypothesized the principle of use & disuse and the principle of inheritance of acquired characteristics?

    <p>Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plants produce two types of spores?

    <p>Heterosporous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In allopolyploidy, how are the offspring's chromosomes derived?

    <p>Derived from two distinct parent species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of xylem in plants?

    <p>Conduct water and minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main observation leading to the inference of competition between individuals in a population for resources?

    <p>Resource availability is ultimately limited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines adaptive evolution?

    <p>Population's characteristics changing over time with advantageous traits becoming more common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants produce one type of spore that develops into one type of gametophyte?

    <p>Homosporous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Lamarck, what allows organisms to adapt to environmental conditions?

    <p>Principle of use &amp; disuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of endosporous development in many heterosporous plants?

    <p>Increased protection for gametes and embryos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes the growth and elongation of stems, lateral root formation, fruit development, and inhibits leaf abscission?

    <p>Gibberellin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is synthesized mostly in root tips, stimulates cell division, promotes leaf expansion, and inhibits leaf aging?

    <p>Cytokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is crucial for regulating the growth, senescence, and abscission of leaves, flowers, and fruits in plants?

    <p>Ethylene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant hormone promotes break dormancy in seeds and buds, increases internode distance, and helps in fruit and stem enlargement?

    <p>Gibberellin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which tissues is auxin primarily responsible for promoting growth and elongation of stems, lateral root formation, and the orientation of plants with respect to light and gravity?

    <p>Shoot apical meristems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates cell division and elongation, differentiation of vascular tissue, and necessary for pollen elongation and tube formation?

    <p>Brassinosteroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is synthesized in all plant parts, produced in response to environmental stress, and promotes responses such as inhibiting growth, inducing dormancy, and closing stomata in water-stressed plants?

    <p>Abscisic Acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Axial elongation of stems' is frequently promoted by which plant hormone?

    <p>Gibberellin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plant tissues can Brassinosteroids be found at their highest concentrations?

    <p>Shoot tips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Jasmonates in plant biology?

    <p>Regulate root growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

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