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Questions and Answers
Chromosomal deletion is a type of chromosomal mutation that involves the duplication of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal deletion is a type of chromosomal mutation that involves the duplication of a segment of chromosome.
False (B)
Inversion is a type of chromosomal aberration that involves the segment of chromosome being removed or lost.
Inversion is a type of chromosomal aberration that involves the segment of chromosome being removed or lost.
False (B)
Duplication is a type of chromosomal mutation where a segment of chromosome is repeated or copied within the same chromosome.
Duplication is a type of chromosomal mutation where a segment of chromosome is repeated or copied within the same chromosome.
True (A)
Chromosomal inversion involves the exchange of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes.
Chromosomal inversion involves the exchange of genetic material between nonhomologous chromosomes.
Deletion in chromosomal mutation refers to the addition of an extra segment of DNA to a chromosome.
Deletion in chromosomal mutation refers to the addition of an extra segment of DNA to a chromosome.
Chromosomal deletion is a type of mutation that involves the loss of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal deletion is a type of mutation that involves the loss of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal inversion is a mutation that involves the duplication of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal inversion is a mutation that involves the duplication of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal duplication is a type of mutation that includes the repetition of a segment of chromosome within the same chromosome.
Chromosomal duplication is a type of mutation that includes the repetition of a segment of chromosome within the same chromosome.
In chromosomal deletion, a segment of chromosome is repeated or copied within the same chromosome.
In chromosomal deletion, a segment of chromosome is repeated or copied within the same chromosome.
Chromosomal inversion involves the loss of a segment of chromosome.
Chromosomal inversion involves the loss of a segment of chromosome.
Duplication in chromosomal mutation refers to the addition of an extra segment of DNA to a chromosome.
Duplication in chromosomal mutation refers to the addition of an extra segment of DNA to a chromosome.
Deletion in chromosomal mutation refers to the removal of genetic material from a chromosome.
Deletion in chromosomal mutation refers to the removal of genetic material from a chromosome.
Chromosomal duplication results in an increase in the amount of genetic material in the affected chromosome.
Chromosomal duplication results in an increase in the amount of genetic material in the affected chromosome.
Inversion is a type of chromosomal aberration where a segment of chromosome is lost.
Inversion is a type of chromosomal aberration where a segment of chromosome is lost.
Chromosomal deletion results in a decrease in the amount of genetic material in the affected chromosome.
Chromosomal deletion results in a decrease in the amount of genetic material in the affected chromosome.
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Study Notes
Chromosomal Aberrations
- Chromosomal translocation: a segment of a chromosome breaks and joins a non-homologous chromosome, resulting in two types: reciprocal translocation (two-way transfer) and non-reciprocal translocation (single-way transfer)
Chromosomal Deletion
- Definition: a fragment of a chromosome breaks off and is lost, containing one or more genes, resulting in mutant DNA with less genes than the wild-type DNA
- Example: cri du chat syndrome, caused by the deletion of a segment of the short arm of chromosome 5, resulting in structural abnormalities of the larynx and producing a high-pitch, meow-like sound when crying
Chromosomal Inversion
- Definition: a chromosome fragment breaks off and reattaches to the original chromosome in reverse orientation, resulting in the linear sequence rearrangement of genes within the chromosome
Chromosomal Duplication
- Definition: a broken fragment of a chromosome reattaches as an extra segment to a sister or non-sister chromatid, resulting in repeated/duplicated portion of the chromosome
- Occurs when a fragment broken off during deletion reattaches to a sister or non-sister chromatid
Alteration of Chromosomal Number
- Aneuploidy: a condition in which an organism possesses either one extra chromosome (2n+1) or one less chromosome (2n-1), instead of a normal diploid (2n)
- Causes: non-disjunction involving only one homologous chromosome during meiosis
- Examples: monosomic aneuploid zygote (2n-1) and trisomic aneuploid zygote (2n+1)
- Down Syndrome: an example of aneuploidy, caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)
Euploidy/Polyploidy
- Definition: abnormal chromosome number, where an organism possesses a multiple of the haploid number of chromosomes (e.g. 3n, 4n, etc.)
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