Choosing Statistical Tests

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of understanding statistical tests?

  • To perform complex calculations manually.
  • To impress others with statistical knowledge.
  • To understand when to apply each statistical test. (correct)
  • To memorize the formulas of various statistical tests.

One sample Z-tests for proportions are best used when comparing sample means to a population average.

False (B)

In what scenario is a one-sample t-test for the mean most applicable?

When comparing a sample average to a known or assumed population average, like determining if the average age of a sample of Apple users differs from Apple's claim.

Tests designed to compare the means of two independent groups, such as a treatment versus a control group, are known as two independent sample tests for the ______.

<p>mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the statistical test with its appropriate use case:

<p>One-Way ANOVA = Comparing means across multiple groups. Chi-Squared Test = Determining relationships between two qualitative variables. Regression Test = Measuring associations between two quantitative variables. Paired Sample Test = Determining if there is a significant change within the same sample group after a treatment or intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is analyzed using a one sample Z-test for proportions?

<p>Qualitative data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two independent sample tests are used when the samples are dependent on each other.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a paired (matched) sample test?

<p>To determine if there is a significant change within the same sample group after a treatment or intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A regression test is employed to measure the association between two ______ variables.

<p>quantitative</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the test to the example study:

<p>One sample t-test = Testing if the average height of students at a university is different from the national average. Two independent sample test for the mean = Comparing the average test scores of students taught using method A versus method B. Chi-squared test = Investigating if there is a relationship between political affiliation and support for a particular policy. Regression test = Examining the relationship between hours studied and exam scores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an experiment, what statistical test would be most appropriate to use to determine if a new medication lowers cholesterol levels compared to a control group?

<p>Two independent sample test for the mean (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chi-squared tests are used to measure the correlation between two quantitative variables.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a scenario where a One-Way ANOVA test would be most suitable.

<p>When you want to compare the means of more than two groups to see if there are any statistically significant differences among them, such as comparing the effect of multiple medications compared to a control group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you want to test whether students' test scores improve after a lecture by comparing pre-test and post-test averages, you should use a(n) _______ sample test.

<p>paired</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the statistical test with the type of data/comparison it analyzes:

<p>One Sample Z-test for proportions = Qualitative variables and proportions. Regression Tests = Association between two quantitative variables. One-Way ANOVA Tests = Comparing means across multiple groups. Two Independent Sample Tests = Comparing means of two independent groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it most appropriate to use a two sample independent test for proportions?

<p>When measuring whether a qualitative outcome is affected by a treatment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One sample t-tests are preferred over one sample Z-tests.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how a chi-squared test can be used within a practical problem.

<p>A chi-squared test can be used to investigate the relationship between gender and hair color to determine if there is a statistically significant association between these two qualitative variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you want to determine if a treatment group has a higher proportion of people who feel better after receiving a treatment, compared to a control group, you would use a two sample independent test for ________.

<p>proportions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each test with its defining characteristic:

<p>One-Sample t-test = Compares a sample average to a known population average Two-Sample Independent test = Compares the means of two independent groups Paired Sample test = Measures change within the same sample group Regression test = Measures association between two quantitative variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

One Sample Tests for the Mean

Compares a sample average to a known or assumed population average.

One Sample Tests for Proportions

Determines if your sample proportion differs from the known population proportion.

Two Independent Sample Tests for the Mean

Compares the means of two independent groups to see if they are significantly different.

Two Sample Independent Test for Proportions

Measures sample proportions between two independent groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Paired (Matched) Sample Tests

Determines if there is a significant change within the same sample group after a treatment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Regression Tests

Measures the association between two quantitative variables by plotting data points.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chi-Squared Tests

Determines if there is a relationship between two qualitative variables.

Signup and view all the flashcards

One-Way ANOVA Tests

Compares means across multiple groups to see if there are significant differences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Overview of Statistical Tests

  • Goal is to learn how to choose the appropriate statistical test from a range of options.
  • Many students finish statistics courses knowing the tests but not when to apply them.
  • The lecture introduces various statistical tests commonly found in undergrad courses.
  • The lecture aims to clarify the purpose of each test.

List of Tests Covered

  • One sample Z-test for the mean.
  • One sample t-test for the mean.
  • One sample Z-test for proportions.
  • One sample t-test for proportions.
  • Two independent sample tests for the mean.
  • Two independent sample tests for proportions.
  • Matched or paired sample tests.
  • Chi-squared tests.
  • Regression tests.
  • One-way ANOVA tests.

One Sample Tests for the Mean

  • Includes the one sample Z-test and one sample t-test for the mean.
  • Both tests are used to compare a sample average to a known or assumed population average.
  • Example: Testing if the average age of Apple users is different from Apple's claim of 45.
  • One sample T-tests are better.
  • The one sample t-test determines if your sample average is statistically different from what everyone thinks the average is.

One Sample Tests for Proportions

  • Includes the one sample Z-test and one sample t-test for proportions.
  • Used for qualitative variables where proportions are calculated instead of means.
  • Example: Determining the proportion of Republicans in a sample.
  • These determine if your sample proportion is different from what everyone believes the proportion is.

Two Independent Sample Tests for the Mean

  • Used in experiments to compare the means of two independent groups (treatment vs control).
  • Determines if the difference between the means of the two samples is statistically significant.
  • Used in experiments (control vs treatment group), and if the mean of the treatment group is significantly different
  • Example: Testing if a new medication lowers cholesterol levels compared to a control group

Two sample independent test for proportions

  • Measures sample proportions
  • You have proportion 1 and proportion 2
  • Example: measuring whether or not something qualitative (are you depressed?) is affected by a treatment by determining if a treatment group has a higher proportion of people who feel better after receiving a treatment.

Paired (Matched) Sample Tests

  • Similar to two-sample tests, but the samples are dependent (often the same group measured twice).
  • Used to determine if there is a significant change within the same sample group after a treatment or intervention.
  • Example: Testing if a lecture improves students' test scores by comparing pre-test and post-test averages.

Regression Tests

  • Used to measure the association between two quantitative variables.
  • Plots data points on a graph to visualize the correlation.
  • Example: Investigating the relationship between age and GPA.

Chi-Squared Tests

  • Determines if there is a relationship between two qualitative variables.
  • Involves binary answers (yes/no).
  • Example: Investigating the relationship between gender and hair color.

One-Way ANOVA Tests

  • Similar to a two-sample independent test, but for comparing means across multiple groups.
  • Used when there are more than two treatments or groups to compare.
  • Determines if there are statistically significant differences among the groups.
  • Example: Testing the effectiveness of multiple medications compared to a control group.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Open
Browser
Browser