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Questions and Answers
When presenting research results in academic papers, what is typically done with the alternate hypothesis if the null hypothesis is rejected?
When presenting research results in academic papers, what is typically done with the alternate hypothesis if the null hypothesis is rejected?
- The alternate hypothesis is rejected
- The alternate hypothesis is supported (correct)
- The alternate hypothesis is ignored
- The alternate hypothesis is revised
What is the formal language used in hypothesis testing when referring to the null hypothesis?
What is the formal language used in hypothesis testing when referring to the null hypothesis?
- Failing to reject the null hypothesis (correct)
- Accepting the null hypothesis
- Rejecting the null hypothesis
- Confirming the null hypothesis
In academic papers, why is it rare to explicitly say that the alternate hypothesis is rejected or not rejected?
In academic papers, why is it rare to explicitly say that the alternate hypothesis is rejected or not rejected?
- To simplify the language used
- To focus on interpreting results in line with the alternate hypothesis (correct)
- To avoid confusion with the null hypothesis
- To emphasize statistical significance
Why do researchers avoid using terms like 'prove' or 'disprove' in hypothesis testing?
Why do researchers avoid using terms like 'prove' or 'disprove' in hypothesis testing?
Why do researchers interpret results as 'supporting' the alternate hypothesis rather than 'proving' it?
Why do researchers interpret results as 'supporting' the alternate hypothesis rather than 'proving' it?
What do researchers typically do when their null hypothesis is rejected in a statistics assignment?
What do researchers typically do when their null hypothesis is rejected in a statistics assignment?
What does it mean when a researcher states that they 'failed to reject' the null hypothesis?
What does it mean when a researcher states that they 'failed to reject' the null hypothesis?
What do academic papers generally focus on when discussing research results?
What do academic papers generally focus on when discussing research results?
How do researchers conclude a study when presented with a low p-value and a rejected null hypothesis?
How do researchers conclude a study when presented with a low p-value and a rejected null hypothesis?
Flashcards
Alternate Hypothesis Support
Alternate Hypothesis Support
When the null hypothesis is rejected, the alternate hypothesis is suggested as a plausible explanation of the observations.
Null Hypothesis - Failing to Reject
Null Hypothesis - Failing to Reject
The formal way to say that there's not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
Academic Paper - Alternate Focus
Academic Paper - Alternate Focus
Academic papers on research often avoid explicitly stating whether the alternate hypothesis is rejected or not.
Avoid 'Prove'/'Disprove'
Avoid 'Prove'/'Disprove'
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'Support' Alternate, Not 'Prove'
'Support' Alternate, Not 'Prove'
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Rejected Null, Statistic Assignment
Rejected Null, Statistic Assignment
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'Fail to Reject' Null
'Fail to Reject' Null
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Academic Paper Result Focus
Academic Paper Result Focus
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Low P-value, Rejection, Alternate
Low P-value, Rejection, Alternate
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Study Notes
Research Methodology
- The research process demands precision and adherence to the established methodology.
- Data quality directly influences the credibility of study outcomes.
Statistical Analysis
- Choose a statistical test that aligns with the nature of the data and the hypotheses being tested.
- Examples of statistical tests include t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA, and regression analysis.
- Selecting the right statistical tool is paramount for accurate and reliable results.
Hypothesis Development
- A hypothesis begins with a research question that is focused, specific, and researchable.
- Preliminary research is necessary to inform the hypothesis.
- A null hypothesis states that there is no association between the variables.
- Alternative hypothesis states the expected difference or relationship.
Examples of Hypotheses
- What are the health benefits of eating an apple a day? (Increasing apple consumption in over-60s will result in decreasing frequency of doctor’s visits.)
- Which airlines have the most delays? (Low-cost airlines are more likely to have delays than premium airlines.)
- Can flexible work arrangements improve job satisfaction? (Employees who have flexible working hours will report greater job satisfaction than employees who work fixed hours.)
Statistical Test
- Perform a statistical test to evaluate the results in the context of the null hypothesis.
- The choice of statistical test is based on the type of variables and the level of measurement of the collected data.
Hypothesis Testing
- Reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis based on the results of the statistical test.
- In academic papers, state whether the result of the test supports the alternative hypothesis.
Presenting Results
- In statistics assignments, state the results in terms of rejecting or failing to reject the null hypothesis.
- In research papers, state the results in terms of supporting or not supporting the alternative hypothesis.
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