Podcast
Questions and Answers
Current experts in child development criticize Piagetian theory because:
Current experts in child development criticize Piagetian theory because:
Young geese will attach to the first nurturing figure they see after they are born. This principle is known as ________.
Young geese will attach to the first nurturing figure they see after they are born. This principle is known as ________.
Based on Freud's beliefs, which element of personality drives Noelle's desire to hide her cell phone in her backpack rather than dropping it off at the school office?
Based on Freud's beliefs, which element of personality drives Noelle's desire to hide her cell phone in her backpack rather than dropping it off at the school office?
Freud's stages of psychosexual development follow which view of the shape of development?
Freud's stages of psychosexual development follow which view of the shape of development?
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Which of the following statements is an accurate representation of Erik Erikson's ideas?
Which of the following statements is an accurate representation of Erik Erikson's ideas?
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Juan's behavior is typical of what we might expect of an 11-year-old child in Erikson's ________ stage of psychosocial development.
Juan's behavior is typical of what we might expect of an 11-year-old child in Erikson's ________ stage of psychosocial development.
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Teachers and families can take steps to encourage positive resolution of psychosocial crises except:
Teachers and families can take steps to encourage positive resolution of psychosocial crises except:
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Maria learns to tie her shoe by watching her older sister. Bandura's social learning theory relies on:
Maria learns to tie her shoe by watching her older sister. Bandura's social learning theory relies on:
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In retrieving information, Miguel is accessing knowledge from his:
In retrieving information, Miguel is accessing knowledge from his:
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Lev Vygotsky coined the term zone of proximal development to refer to:
Lev Vygotsky coined the term zone of proximal development to refer to:
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Mr. Rodriguez is employing which type of sampling procedure?
Mr. Rodriguez is employing which type of sampling procedure?
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What is the most important thing to keep in mind when considering results from correlational research?
What is the most important thing to keep in mind when considering results from correlational research?
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The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network study relied upon a(n) ________ research design.
The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network study relied upon a(n) ________ research design.
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The Institutional Review Board exists to ensure:
The Institutional Review Board exists to ensure:
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What should a researcher do upon noticing evidence of child abuse during an interview?
What should a researcher do upon noticing evidence of child abuse during an interview?
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Which of the following statements applies to Dr. Julian's research when she observed children's behaviors without their awareness?
Which of the following statements applies to Dr. Julian's research when she observed children's behaviors without their awareness?
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What is our major concern with the research study on resiliency in children after they experience failure?
What is our major concern with the research study on resiliency in children after they experience failure?
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Mr. Langley needs to complete a research project and has obtained permission from the Institutional Review Board. The IRB approved his request to offer incentives to the parents only if:
Mr. Langley needs to complete a research project and has obtained permission from the Institutional Review Board. The IRB approved his request to offer incentives to the parents only if:
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Dr. Cohen conducts research on how state policies in education impact student achievement over time. What kind of research does this represent?
Dr. Cohen conducts research on how state policies in education impact student achievement over time. What kind of research does this represent?
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Who would be involved in the research process for a community-based research approach to studying the impact of an after-school program on democracy and civic engagement?
Who would be involved in the research process for a community-based research approach to studying the impact of an after-school program on democracy and civic engagement?
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This study is an example of what type of research?
This study is an example of what type of research?
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_______ refers to the accuracy of a test in measuring what it is intended to measure.
_______ refers to the accuracy of a test in measuring what it is intended to measure.
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When a researcher is concerned about the extent to which her findings will generalize to other schools, she is most concerned about:
When a researcher is concerned about the extent to which her findings will generalize to other schools, she is most concerned about:
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Percy administered his test to his target population on two consecutive days in order to prove what about the test?
Percy administered his test to his target population on two consecutive days in order to prove what about the test?
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Which of the following most likely relates to the complaint voiced by parents of minority children in Dr. Ortiz's research?
Which of the following most likely relates to the complaint voiced by parents of minority children in Dr. Ortiz's research?
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We can have confidence in the results of studies published in journals because:
We can have confidence in the results of studies published in journals because:
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Most of the errors in media coverage of research are errors of:
Most of the errors in media coverage of research are errors of:
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Study Notes
Critique of Theories
- Current child development research often incorporates multidisciplinary approaches for comprehensive understanding.
- Experts criticize Piagetian theory for reflecting predominantly Western cultural perspectives and lacking practical application for educators.
Imprinting
- Imprinting is a bonding process observed in young geese, allowing them to attach to the first nurturing figure they encounter after birth.
Freud's Psychosexual Development
- Freud believed the personality is driven by the id, which represents innate desires, often conflicting with societal expectations.
- Freud's psychosexual development stages are described as discontinuous and quantitative in nature.
Erikson's Psychosocial Development
- Erik Erikson emphasized that successful resolution of crises during each developmental stage is essential for healthy psychosocial growth.
- Industry versus inferiority is a critical stage where children develop skills and confidence, often observed in a child's determination to succeed academically.
Education and Feedback
- Teachers can foster positive resolutions in children facing psychosocial crises by providing support, encouraging success, and validating independence.
- Critical methods to avoid include overly assisting children to the point of hindering their ability to learn from mistakes.
Bandura's Social Learning Theory
- Bandura posits that children learn behaviors and skills through vicarious learning, influenced by observing others rather than direct reinforcement.
Memory in Learning
- Long-term memory is crucial for retaining learned information, while working memory plays a key role in processing current tasks.
Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development
- The zone of proximal development defines the difference between what a child can accomplish independently and what they can achieve with guidance, emphasizing the role of scaffolding.
Sampling Techniques
- Convenience sampling entails gathering participants based on proximity; while it is practical, it may introduce bias in data collection.
Correlational Research Limitations
- A fundamental principle in research is that correlation does not imply causation, emphasizing the need to interpret findings with caution.
Longitudinal Studies
- Longitudinal research studies track the same group over time to observe changes and developments, providing rich insights into child development.
Ethical Standards in Research
- The Institutional Review Board (IRB) safeguards ethical standards, ensuring that researchers involving human subjects adhere to established guidelines to prevent harm.
Handling Abuse in Research
- Ethical responsibilities compel researchers to report any suspected child abuse, prioritizing child safety over maintaining confidentiality.
Compliance and Incentives
- Research projects involving incentives must ensure that all participating children receive equal rewards, promoting fairness in participation.
Research Types
- Applied research focuses on real-world applications and solutions, while basic research seeks to expand general knowledge without immediate practical use.
Community-Based Research
- Effective community-based research engages local stakeholders, including citizens and community leaders, to address public concerns collaboratively.
Validity and Reliability in Research
- Validity measures how accurately a test reflects the intended concept, while reliability assesses the consistency of results across multiple trials.
Generalizability of Findings
- External validity pertains to the applicability of research results beyond the study sample to other contexts or populations.
Positive versus Negative Behaviors
- Research should encompass a balanced perspective, considering both positive and negative child behaviors to provide a holistic view.
Media and Research Coverage
- Media often misrepresents research findings due to omissions or oversimplifications, necessitating careful consumption and critical analysis of reported studies.
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Description
Explore key theories in child development, including critiques of Piaget, Freud's psychosexual stages, imprinting in geese, and Erikson's psychosocial growth. This quiz highlights the multidisciplinary approaches and cultural considerations that shape our understanding of child development.
