Child Development and Health

Question 1

• If a newborn is blue from head to toe, the APGAR characteristic the baby failed is appearance.

Question 2

• Poverty, low activity, and insufficient sleep are well-documented causes of pediatric obesity.

Question 3

• Respiratory infections and otitis media (middle ear infection) are common minor illnesses in children aged 2-6.

Question 4

• Free immunizations were introduced for uninsured children in 1994 in the U.S.

Question 5

• Dilation and Effacement of the Cervix occurs at the start of Stage 1 labor.

Question 6

• The cephalocaudal pattern of development is when growth starts from the head and moves downward toward the rest of the body.

Question 7

• Kicking a soccer ball is an example of gross motor skills.

Question 8

• At birth, infants prefer a sweet scent and taste.

Question 9

• Newborns are characterized by 16-18 hours of sleep a day.

Question 10

• REM sleep occurs 70-100 minutes after sleep onset is NOT a characteristic of a newborn's REM sleep.

Question 11

• Breast-fed infants are less likely to become overweight or develop diabetes and asthma.

Question 12

• Stage 1 is the longest stage of labor.

Question 13

• An infant turning its head to a particular side in response to its cheek being touched is an example of the rooting reflex.

Question 14

• Touch is the most highly developed sense at birth.

Question 15

• Enuresis is bedwetting.

Question 16

• In the first two years of life, the brain demonstrates a lot of plasticity.

Question 17

• A typically developing brain will reach adult weight at 12 years old.

Question 18

• From the ages of 2 to 6 years, unintentional injuries are often the leading cause of fatality because adults overestimate children's knowledge and abilities, teach skills reactively, and underestimate the risk.

Question 19

• During body proportion changes from 2 to 6 years old:
  • Muscle increases
  • Fat decreases

Question 20

• The primary function of synaptic pruning is to remove weaker and unused synapses.

Question 21

• The union of the sperm and egg is called a zygote.

Question 22

• The age of viability is between week 22-26.

Question 23

• The embryonic stage is considered the most critical period of prenatal development because most organs and major body structures begin to form during this time.

Question 24

• Growth in children aged 6 to 12 years is characterized by slow, steady growth, individual differences, and sex differences, with spurts sometimes causing pain or injury.

Question 25

• The main cause of dramatic weight gain in the brain in the first two years is myelination.

Question 26

• A zygote forms in the fallopian tubes.

Question 27

• A newborn that scores a 4-6 on the Apgar Scale is in need of some assistance.

Question 28

• Modeling what you want your child to eat is a feeding strategy to encourage healthy eating habits.

Question 29

• Otitis media (middle ear infection) is a common cause of speech delays in children.

Question 30

• Lead enters a child's bloodstream quickly and is stored in bones for decades.

Question 31

• Habituation is the decreased response to a stimulus after repeated exposure.

Question 32

• An infant's brain is able to recover from injury efficiently due to plasticity.

Question 33

• Specialization of functioning, myelination, and lateralization improves the efficiency of brain functioning.

Question 34

• Routine waking during nighttime and urine alarm on the bed is the most effective treatment for enuresis.

Question 35

• The outer layer of cells that develops in the germinal period and provides nutrition and support for the embryo is the trophoblast.

Question 36

• Zygote is the term for when the egg and sperm join.

Question 37

• The following is true about the female egg:
  • It is the largest cell in the body
  • It is only viable for 12-24 hours after it is released
  • It takes 3-5 days to travel through the fallopian tubes

Question 38

• If the egg has just been implanted, approximately 1 week has passed since fertilization.

Question 39

• During delivery, the newborn baby may be deprived of oxygen (anoxia), whether from contractions of a wrapped umbilical cord. Stress hormones help supply the newborn with oxygen-rich blood.

Question 40

• Pediatricians use the APGAR Scale to assess the health of a baby 1 and 5 minutes after birth.