26 Questions
What do infants use as a secure base from which to explore once wariness develops?
Familiar caregiver
Which of the following is a goal for emotional regulation in certain cultures, according to the text?
Overcome fear (United States)
What is one of the most important areas in which children develop positive social skills, according to the text?
Playing with peers
What is a focus of emotional self-regulation in Native American communities, as per the text?
Control aggression
What is one aspect that contributes to increasingly complex social play in children?
Brain maturation and social play hours
What is emphasized as universal and timeless in the text in relation to children's activities?
Playing games
What is an important aspect of children's dynamic systems of action according to the text?
Emotional self-regulation
At what age does the social smile become a deliberate social signal?
1 year
Which emotion reflects faster processing of information according to the text?
Laughter
What kind of children react negatively to and withdraw from novel stimuli?
Inhibited or shy children
According to Thomas and Chess's model, what percentage of children fall under the 'Difficult child' category?
10%
What is considered as an important factor influencing children's style of self-regulation?
Caregivers
Which model is associated with dimensions based on reactivity and self-regulation?
'Rothbart's' model
'Positive reactivity', 'Negativity reactivity', and 'Attention suitability and regulation' are dimensions in which temperament model?
'Rothbart's' model
'Higher-order feelings involving injury to or enhancement of sense of self' refer to which emotions?
'Self-conscious' emotions
'Heart rate higher in shy children', 'Higher cortisol concentration in saliva', and 'Greater pupil dilation' are mentioned in relation to which characteristic?
'Inhibited temperament'
What is responsible for about half of individual differences in temperament?
Genetic influences
Which phase of attachment involves the emergence of separation anxiety?
Clear-cut attachment phase
What kind of attachment style is characterized by clinginess combined with angry, resistive behavior?
Insecure-resistant attachment
Which theory views attachment as an evolved response promoting survival?
Ethological theory
What model involves creating child-rearing environments that recognize each child’s temperament?
Goodness-of-fit model
Which factor can promote fathers' involvement in caregiving according to the text?
Happy relationship with partner
Self-recognition typically begins to emerge around what age?
2 years
'Delay of gratification' refers to:
Waiting for the appropriate time to engage in a tempting act
'Assertiveness and opposition' occur alongside which behavior in young children?
'Compliance'
'Temperament and its dimensions' are influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:
'Societal norms'
Test your knowledge on the development of emotions in children, including the role of playmates and parents, the emergence of happiness through social smiles, and the universality of emotions. Learn about how emotions energize development and become more complex with age.
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