Questions and Answers
What is a solution?
What is a solute?
The substance being dissolved
What is a solvent?
The substance doing the dissolving
What is an alloy?
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What defines a polar molecule?
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What defines a nonpolar molecule?
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What is solubility?
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What is a saturated solution?
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What is an unsaturated solution?
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What is a supersaturated solution?
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What is an ion?
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What are electrolytes?
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What are nonelectrolytes?
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What is ionization?
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What is dissociation?
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Study Notes
Solutions Terminology
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture characterized by uniform composition, color, density, and taste.
- The solute refers to the substance that is being dissolved in a solution.
- The solvent is the substance responsible for dissolving the solute.
- An alloy is a type of solid solution formed by mixing metals.
Molecular Properties
- Polar molecules possess distinct positive and negative regions, influencing their interactions with other molecules.
- Nonpolar molecules lack separated positive and negative regions, resulting in different solubility properties compared to polar molecules.
Solubility Concepts
- Solubility indicates the maximum quantity of solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a particular temperature.
- A saturated solution holds the maximum amount of solute possible at a given temperature, beyond which no more solute can dissolve.
- An unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute at a specified temperature without reaching saturation.
- A supersaturated solution contains more solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature, often achieved through careful manipulation of conditions.
Ionic Solutions
- An ion is a charged particle that plays a key role in the behavior of solutions.
- Electrolytes are solutions containing ions that can conduct electricity when dissolved in water, vital for various chemical and biological processes.
- Nonelectrolytes do not form ions in water and therefore cannot conduct electricity.
Chemical Processes
- Ionization involves the breaking apart of molecules into charged particles, contributing to the formation of ions in solution.
- Dissociation specifically refers to the separation of ionic solids into their constituent positive and negative ions upon dissolving in a solvent.
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Test your knowledge of solutions with this chapter review quiz. The flashcards cover essential terms like solute, solvent, and more. Perfect for reinforcing concepts in your Chemistry studies.