Questions and Answers
What is a solution?
What is a solute?
is the smaller amount
What is a solvent?
is the larger amount
What is solubility?
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What are some factors of solubility?
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What does miscible mean?
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What does immiscible mean?
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What is solvation?
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What is hydration?
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What does Henry's Law state?
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What does concentrated mean in solutions?
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What does dilute mean in solutions?
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What does unsaturated mean?
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What does saturated mean?
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What does supersaturated mean?
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What does it mean if molarity is small?
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What does it mean if molarity is large?
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What is mass percent in a solution?
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The freezing point of a solution is _______ than that of the pure solvent.
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Increasing the temperature of an aqueous solution with an ionic solute will probably cause solubility to ________.
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Study Notes
Solution Concepts
- Solution: A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
- Solute: The smaller component in a solution, typically the substance that is dissolved.
- Solvent: The larger component in a solution that dissolves the solute.
Solubility and Its Factors
- Solubility: Maximum quantity of solid solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent.
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Factors Influencing Solubility:
- Polarity: Affects the interaction between solute and solvent.
- Temperature: Changes in temperature can alter solubility.
- Pressure: Primarily impacts gas solubility.
Liquid Compatibility
- Miscible: Liquids that can dissolve in each other without separating.
- Immiscible: Liquids that do not mix or dissolve in one another due to opposite polarities.
Solvation Processes
- Solvation: The process of solvent molecules surrounding solute particles.
- Hydration: A specific type of solvation where water is the solvent.
Key Laws and Concepts
- Henry's Law: States that gas solubility in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure exerted above the liquid.
Concentration and Characteristics
- Concentrated Solution: Contains a relatively large proportion of solute.
- Dilute Solution: Contains a relatively small proportion of solute.
- Unsaturated Solution: Has less solute than the maximum solubility.
- Saturated Solution: Contains the maximum solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.
- Supersaturated Solution: Holds more solute than the maximum at a given temperature, typically unstable.
Molarity and Its Implications
- Small Molarity: Indicates a dilute solution.
- Large Molarity: Indicates a concentrated solution.
Mass Percent and Freezing Point
- Mass Percent: Calculated as the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100.
- Freezing Point Depression: The freezing point of a solution is lower than that of the pure solvent.
Temperature Effects
- Temperature and Solubility: Raising the temperature of an aqueous solution with an ionic solute usually increases its solubility.
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Description
Test your knowledge on solutions with these flashcards that cover essential terms and definitions. Each card provides a key concept related to solutions, such as solute, solvent, and solubility factors. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding of homogeneous mixtures.