Chemistry: Solutions and Solubility
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Questions and Answers

What defines a solution?

  • Any combination of solute and solvent, regardless of homogeneity
  • A homogeneous mixture of substances (correct)
  • A solid mixed with a gas
  • A mixture of two liquids

    • Which factor has the least effect on the solubility of solids in liquids?

  • Nature of the solute and solvent
  • Concentration of the solute
  • Pressure applied to the solution (correct)
  • Temperature of the solution

    • What happens to a solution when it reaches saturation?

  • It evaporates completely
  • It transforms into a gas
  • No additional solute can dissolve in it (correct)
  • The concentration of the solute increases

    • What is the role of water in solutions?

    <p>It is known as the universal solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a solution is diluted, what happens to the concentration of the solute?

    <p>It decreases due to the addition of more solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature?

    <p>Saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes a solute?

    <p>The substance that dissolves in the solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does temperature generally affect the solubility of solids in liquids?

    <p>It increases solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a solution is diluted?

    <p>The concentration of solute decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the solubility of gases in liquids?

    <p>Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a gas dissolved in a liquid?

    <p>Carbon dioxide in soda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution is formed when alcohol is mixed with water?

    <p>Liquid in liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'concentration' in the context of solutions?

    <p>The ratio of solute to solvent present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of water being termed 'the universal solvent'?

    <p>It dissolves more substances than any other liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a solution, the substance being dissolved is known as the?

    <p>Solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Solutions

    • A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where one substance (solute) dissolves in another (solvent).
    • Solute: The substance that dissolves. Examples include salt in water.
    • Solvent: The substance that does the dissolving. Examples include water.

    Solubility

    • Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
    • Concentration refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent.
      • High concentration = "concentrated" solution (lots of solute)
      • Low concentration = "dilute" solution (small amount of solute)
    • Saturation occurs when a solution has dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature. Any further solute added will not dissolve.

    Factors Affecting Solubility

    • Temperature: Generally, solubility of solids in liquids increases with temperature. For gases, higher pressure increases solubility.
    • Pressure: Mainly affects the solubility of gases. Increased pressure increases solubility.
    • Nature of Solute and Solvent: Some substances dissolve better in certain solvents. (e.g., salt in water, oil in vinegar).

    Types of Solutions

    • Solid in Liquid: Sugar in tea
    • Gas in Liquid: Carbon dioxide in soda
    • Gas in Gas: Air
    • Liquid in Liquid: Alcohol in water

    Dilution

    • Diluting a solution means adding more solvent to decrease the concentration of solute.

    Universal Solvent

    • Water is called the universal solvent because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the concepts of solutions and solubility, including definitions of solute and solvent. You'll explore factors that affect solubility, such as temperature and pressure. Test your understanding of key terms like concentration and saturation.

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