16 Questions
What is the principal mathematical technique employed in the discussion of real gases?
Derivatives
At what limit do real gases obey the perfect gas law exactly?
$p = 0$
When do repulsive forces between molecules become significant?
At high pressures
What type of interactions are repulsive forces between molecules?
Short-range interactions
In what situation can attractive forces between molecules assist compression?
High pressure, low temperature
What modifications do attractions and repulsions between gas molecules account for?
Modifications to the isotherms of a gas
What are attractive intermolecular forces?
Dominant over a long range and effective even when molecules are not necessarily touching
What do deviations from perfect gas behavior give insight into?
The nature of the interactions between molecules
Which forces dominate at intermediate separations between molecules?
Attractive forces
When do intermolecular forces play no significant role in a gas?
At low pressures when the sample occupies a large volume
What happens to a gas sample when compressed near point C on an isotherm graph?
It loses all similarity to perfect behavior
What happens at high pressures in terms of intermolecular forces?
Repulsive forces dominate
What conditions cause intermolecular forces to be important for gases?
Low temperatures and low mean speeds of molecules
What does high positive potential energy indicate between two molecules at very small separations?
Strongly repulsive interactions between them
What causes significant deviations from Boyle’s law in a gas?
Moderate pressures when the average separation of the molecules is only a few molecular diameters
What happens to the gas sample as its volume is reduced near point B on an isotherm graph?
It starts to show serious deviations from perfect behavior
Explore the key ideas and modifications to isotherms of real gases, including the attractions and repulsions between gas molecules. This topic extends the discussion of perfect gases and involves the use of differentiation to identify points of inflexion on curves.
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