Chemistry of Monosaccharides: General Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

Which elements are carbohydrates composed of?

  • H, O, P
  • C, H, N
  • C, H, O (correct)
  • N, S, P

    • Which functional groups may be present in carbohydrates?

  • Hydroxyl group, aldehyde group, keto group (correct)
  • Phenyl group, ether group, sulfonyl group
  • Methyl group, ketone group, amide group
  • Carboxyl group, ester group, amine group

    • What is the empirical formula for carbohydrates when n = 5?

  • C5H10O5 (correct)
  • C4H8O4
  • CH2O
  • C6H12O6

    • Which classification of carbohydrates includes trioses, tetroses, and hexoses?

    <p>Monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the designation of a sugar isomer as the D form or L form determined?

    <p>By the orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the asymmetric carbon atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the simplest aldose?

    <p>Glyceraldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar naturally occurs in the L form?

    <p>Arabinose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What confers optical activity on a compound?

    <p>The presence of asymmetric carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is dextrorotatory in solution?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What produces epimers in monosaccharides?

    <p>Variations in configuration of the -OH and -H on carbon atoms 2, 3, or 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is an example of an aldose?

    <p>Arabinose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?

    <p>The orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the terminal primary alcohol carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is a ketose?

    <p>Dihydroxyacetone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sugars occur in most mammals?

    <p>Aldose sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar is levorotatory in solution?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?

    <p>The orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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