Chemistry of Monosaccharides: General Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

Which elements are carbohydrates composed of?

  • H, O, P
  • C, H, N
  • C, H, O (correct)
  • N, S, P

Which functional groups may be present in carbohydrates?

  • Hydroxyl group, aldehyde group, keto group (correct)
  • Phenyl group, ether group, sulfonyl group
  • Methyl group, ketone group, amide group
  • Carboxyl group, ester group, amine group

What is the empirical formula for carbohydrates when n = 5?

  • C5H10O5 (correct)
  • C4H8O4
  • CH2O
  • C6H12O6

Which classification of carbohydrates includes trioses, tetroses, and hexoses?

<p>Monosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the designation of a sugar isomer as the D form or L form determined?

<p>By the orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the asymmetric carbon atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the simplest aldose?

<p>Glyceraldehyde (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar naturally occurs in the L form?

<p>Arabinose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What confers optical activity on a compound?

<p>The presence of asymmetric carbon atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar is dextrorotatory in solution?

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What produces epimers in monosaccharides?

<p>Variations in configuration of the -OH and -H on carbon atoms 2, 3, or 4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar is an example of an aldose?

<p>Arabinose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?

<p>The orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the terminal primary alcohol carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar is a ketose?

<p>Dihydroxyacetone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sugars occur in most mammals?

<p>Aldose sugars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar is levorotatory in solution?

<p>Fructose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?

<p>The orientation of the -OH and -H groups around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol carbon. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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