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Questions and Answers
What does polarity of a molecule refer to?
Who introduced the concept of electronegativity?
In which direction does electronegativity value increase in the periodic table?
What type of bond is formed when the electronegativity difference is between 0.4 and 1.7?
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What characterizes an ionic bond?
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How are nonpolar covalent bonds characterized?
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Study Notes
Molecule Classification
- Molecule properties depend on the structure and arrangement of their atoms, leading to varying classification due to structural and geometrical differences.
Polarity
- Refers to the distribution of electric charge around atoms, chemical groups, or molecules.
- Electronegativity is the atom's tendency to attract electrons to itself in a chemical bond, introduced by LINUS PAULING in 1932.
Electronegativity
- Increases in a period from LEFT TO RIGHT and decreases in a group from TOP TO BOTTOM.
- Higher electronegativity values indicate a greater tendency to attract electrons towards itself.
Determining Polarity of Molecules
- Electronegativity difference:
- 0.5-1.7: POLAR COVALENT BOND, unequal sharing of electrons.
- 0.4 or less: NONPOLAR COVALENT BOND, equal sharing of electrons.
- > 1.7: IONIC BOND, transfer of electrons from metal to non-metal, forming oppositely charged particles.
Molecular Bonding
- Molecules are held together by shared electron pairs.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the classification of molecules based on their polarity and the concept of electronegativity. Learn about the distribution of electric charge around atoms and the tendency of atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
