Chemistry: Electronegativity and Molecular Structure

It represents the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons, influencing the atom's ability to attract electrons.

Trigonal Bipyramidal.

40 valence electrons.

<p>It is non-polar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 molecular orbitals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electronegativity influences the degree of ionic character in covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2s and 2p orbitals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It illustrates how phosphorus forms five bonds with fluorine and accounts for all valence electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of two unpaired electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superoxide (O₂⁻¹) is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron, while peroxide (O₂⁻²) is diamagnetic with all paired electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>[Kr] 5s⁰ 4d¹⁰ 5p²</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body Centered Cubic (BCC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4r</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$1.51 x 10^{-28} m³$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>68%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By multiplying each isotope's mass number by its percentage abundance and summing the results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beryllium, barium, cesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.097 x 10^7 m^-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$λ = \frac{RH}{[\frac{1}{n_1^2}-\frac{1}{n_2^2}]}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abundance refers to the relative percentage of each isotope present in a sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotope abundances provide a more accurate representation of the element's mass as found in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monotonic elements exist as single atoms; an example is Beryllium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The final energy levels are 2 for Balmer and 3 for Paschen series.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The third line corresponds to the visible range and the fourth line corresponds to the infrared range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is 1 node for 2s, 0 nodes for 2p, and 2 nodes for 5d.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This element belongs to Group 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The equation is X³⁺ → X⁴⁺ + e⁻.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests that an electron is being removed from a more stable core shell, indicating a change in energy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principle used is that the number of nodes is given by the formula (n-l-1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They correspond to n=3 because this level allows for transitions resulting in infrared radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-752 kJ/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ΔH_exp = ΔH_f°(NaCl) - ΔH_subl(Na) - ΔH_diss(Cl₂) - IE_Na - EA_Cl</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-776.3 kJ/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sublimation of sodium, dissociation of chlorine, ionization energy of sodium, and electron affinity of chlorine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The value of n for NaCl is calculated by averaging the neighboring values of n = 7 and n = 9.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic charge influences the electron configurations, which determine the value of the exponent n.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lattice energy reflects the strength of the ionic bonds in a compound, affecting its stability and properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CH₃COOH is the Brønsted acid and CH₃COO⁻ is its conjugate base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We set initial concentrations and changes, then use Kₐ to relate the changes to solve for equilibrium concentrations, leading to x being calculated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Kₐ value indicates the strength of a weak acid; a small Kₐ, like 1.7 x 10⁻⁵ for CH₃COOH, shows that the acid does not dissociate completely in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This assumption allows us to simplify the equation by neglecting x when Kₐ is small, making calculations easier for finding x.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The calculated pH is 3.38, indicating that the solution is acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers