Questions and Answers
How many valence electrons are found in an atom of calcium?
2 valence electrons
Atoms of which element have 4 valence electrons?
Carbon
Which Lewis Dot Structure is accurate for the element nitrogen?
Diagram D
Which Lewis Dot Structure is accurate for the element calcium?
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Which group of elements satisfies the octet rule without forming bonds?
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Atoms of which element will have 8 valence electrons?
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Which atoms are most likely to form covalent bonds?
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Which compound contains an ionic bond?
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Which Lewis Dot Structure is accurate for the element carbon?
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Which bonding description between magnesium and oxygen is correct?
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Which compound contains a covalent bond?
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Which element will form an ionic bond with fluorine (F)?
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Which Lewis Dot Structure is accurate for the element sulfur?
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Which bonding description between hydrogen and chlorine is correct?
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Which Lewis Dot Structures are not accurate for the element beryllium?
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In the compound aluminum phosphide, what is the charge of the aluminum ion?
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Which diagram correctly displays the Lewis Dot Structure and charges for beryllium oxide?
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In the compound zinc chloride, what is the charge of the zinc ion?
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Aluminum (Al) will form an ion with a -2 charge.
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Which diagram correctly displays the Lewis Dot Structure and charges for lithium fluoride?
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Potassium will transfer two electrons to bromine in potassium bromide (KBr).
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Which diagram correctly displays the Lewis Dot Structure and charges for barium chloride?
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Which element will NOT form a positively charged ion?
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Which statement best describes the compound magnesium sulfide (MgS)?
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Which compounds contain an ion with a +2 charge and an ion with a -1 charge?
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Study Notes
Valence Electrons and Elements
- Calcium has 2 valence electrons.
- Carbon has 4 valence electrons.
- Neon possesses 8 valence electrons.
- Noble gases satisfy the octet rule without forming bonds.
Lewis Dot Structures
- Diagram D accurately represents nitrogen's Lewis Dot Structure.
- Diagram C accurately reflects calcium’s Lewis Dot Structure.
- Diagram B is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for carbon.
- Diagram C accurately depicts the Lewis Dot Structure for sulfur.
- Diagram A properly displays lithium fluoride's Lewis Dot Structure.
- Diagram D correctly illustrates barium chloride's Lewis Dot Structure.
Types of Bonds
- Covalent bonds are primarily formed between non-metal atoms sharing electrons.
- Ionic bonds are indicated in compounds like calcium fluoride (CaF2) and magnesium sulfide (MgS).
- Hydrogen and chlorine form a covalent bond through the sharing of electrons.
Ionic and Covalent Compounds
- HBr is an example of a compound with a covalent bond.
- Beryllium will form an ionic bond when connected with fluorine (F).
- Aluminum phosphide contains aluminum ions with a 3+ charge.
- Zinc chloride has zinc ions with a 2+ charge.
- Strontium chloride includes ions with a +2 charge and ions with a -1 charge.
Ions and Charges
- Aluminum forms a cation with a 3+ charge, while sulfur forms an anion with a -2 charge in magnesium sulfide.
- Chlorine does not form a positively charged ion.
- A false statement about ions is that aluminum (Al) will form an ion with a -2 charge.
- Potassium does not transfer two electrons to bromine in potassium bromide (KBr).
Summary of Bonding Descriptions
- The bonding between magnesium and oxygen involves magnesium transferring two electrons to oxygen, resulting in an ionic bond.
- In contrast, hydrogen and chlorine form a covalent bond by sharing electrons.
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Description
Test your knowledge on covalent and ionic bonding with this quiz featuring essential concepts and definitions. From valence electrons to Lewis Dot Structures, this quiz covers key information crucial for understanding chemical bonding.
