Chem 2 Chapter 13 Questions part 2
29 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a colligative property?

  • A property that depends on the chemical nature of the solute
  • A property that changes with molecular weight
  • A property that depends on the number of solute particles in a solution (correct)
  • A property that depends only on temperature
  • A property that determines the solubility of a substance

    • Which of the following is NOT a colligative property?

  • Osmotic pressure
  • Surface tension (correct)
  • Freezing point depression
  • Boiling point elevation
  • Vapor pressure lowering

    • What does the Van't Hoff factor (i) represent?

  • The boiling point of the solution
  • The ratio of solute to solvent molecules
  • The number of formula units in a solution
  • The number of particles into which a solute dissociates in solution (correct)
  • The molecular weight of a solute

    • Which of the following compounds has a Van't Hoff factor (i) of 3?

    <p>CaCl2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the boiling point of a solution when a non-volatile solute is added?

    <p>It increases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Freezing point depression occurs because:

    <p>Solute particles disrupt the formation of the solid phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which solution has the highest boiling point?

    <p>1 M CaCl2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor in determining the magnitude of a colligative property?

    <p>The number of solute particles in solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a solution?

    <p>A homogeneous mixture with completely dissolved solute particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a colloid from a true solution?

    <p>All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a colloid?

    <p>Milk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Tyndall effect is observed in:

    <p>Colloids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a hydrophilic colloid?

    <p>Strong attraction to water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hydrophilic colloids remain stable in water?

    <p>Both A and B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stabilizes hydrophobic colloids in water?

    <p>Emulsification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do surfactants play in emulsification?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a hydrophobic colloid?

    <p>Paint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a colloidal solution is destabilized?

    <p>Particles aggregate and settle out (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to osmotic pressure when solute concentration increases?

    <p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the magnitude of colligative properties?

    <p>The mass of the solvent (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of solute has the greatest effect on colligative properties?

    <p>A strong electrolyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the addition of a solute do to the vapor pressure of a solvent?

    <p>Lowers it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does an electrolyte have a greater effect on colligative properties than a nonelectrolyte?

    <p>It dissociates into multiple particles (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between a solution and a colloid?

    <p>Colloids scatter light (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property allows colloids to remain dispersed in a solvent?

    <p>Electrostatic repulsion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an emulsifier stabilize a colloid?

    <p>By preventing aggregation (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of colloid consists of liquid droplets dispersed in another liquid?

    <p>Emulsion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason hydrophobic colloids need stabilization?

    <p>They tend to aggregate in water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Van't Hoff factor in colligative property calculations?

    <p>To account for solute dissociation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Colligative Properties

    • Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles, not the nature of the solute.
    • Key colligative properties include boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure.

    Van't Hoff Factor (i)

    • Represents the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution.
    • For example, NaCl dissociates into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, so i = 2.
    • Also known as the van't Hoff factor.

    Boiling Point Elevation

    • Adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent increases its boiling point.

    Freezing Point Depression

    • Adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent decreases its freezing point.

    Vapor Pressure Lowering

    • Adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent lowers its vapor pressure.

    Osmotic Pressure

    • A pressure difference created by a selectively permeable membrane, separating solutions of different concentrations.

    Solute Effects on Boiling Point

    • Non-volatile solutes increase boiling points.

    Solute Effects on Freezing Point

    • Non-volatile solutes decrease freezing points.

    Solution vs. Colloid

    • Solutions have small solute particles that dissolve completely.
    • Colloids have larger solute particles that don't dissolve but remain dispersed in the solvent.

    Tyndall Effect

    • Light scattering by colloidal particles.

    Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic Colloids

    • Hydrophilic colloids interact well with water (attraction to water).
    • Hydrophobic colloids do not interact well with water (repulsion from water).

    Emulsification

    • Dispersion of one liquid in another, aided by surfactants (like emulsifiers).

    Factors affecting Colligative Properties

    • Number of solute particles affects colligative properties.
    • Solvent identity does not affect colligative properties.

    Compounds with Van't Hoff Factors

    • NaCl (i = 2)
    • CaCl₂ (i = 3)

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Chem 2 Chapter 13 Questions Part 2 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of colligative properties in chemistry. This quiz covers key concepts such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure, focusing on the role of the van't Hoff factor. Test your understanding of how solute particles influence solvent behavior.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser