Chemistry Class - Properties and Changes

<p>The color of the substance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Burning a piece of paper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5 g/cm³ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms are densely packed together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A rock melting into lava (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A burning candle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of ice from water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The total mass of the system remains constant during a reaction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reaction will release energy into the surroundings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows us to understand that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a reaction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group 13 (Boron Family) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine (Cl) (Group 17) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have only one valence electron in their outermost shell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their properties don't neatly fit into other group classifications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sugar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sugar dissolved in water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because you can see the different parts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helium (He) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The elements are chemically bonded together in the compound. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagram B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagram C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There must be at least four different types of atoms in Diagram E. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A compound is formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together, while a molecule is a single unit of a compound. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic mass is always greater than the atomic number. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagram B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes more negatively charged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have the same number of protons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protons have a positive charge while neutrons have a neutral charge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The volume of an atom is mostly taken up by the electron cloud. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms are the smallest units of elements, meaning they have specific properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different elements have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic number better reflects the number of protons in an atom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malleability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Good conductor of electricity in solid form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right side (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be easily broken into small pieces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They look to gain/share 1 electron. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are unreactive because their valence electrons are full. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group 15 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anything made of atoms, takes up space, and has mass.

The amount of matter in an object, different from weight.

The amount of space an object occupies, found using formulas or water displacement.

Mass per unit volume, indicates how packed matter is.

Three forms: solids (definite shape), liquids (definite volume), gases (no definite shape or volume).

Characteristics that describe matter without changing its state.

The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.

Changes that do not alter the substance's identity, like boiling or melting.

Characteristics that result in a permanent change in the substance.

Material that restricts the flow of electric current.

Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only rearranged.

Reactions that give off energy, usually in the form of heat.

Reactions that absorb energy, often resulting in cooling.

A system where matter can enter or leave; mass changes during reactions.

A system where no matter can enter or leave; mass remains constant during reactions.

The smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.

The dense center of an atom containing protons and neutrons.

A positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.

A neutral particle located in the nucleus of an atom.

A substance made of only one type of atom with unique properties.

Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

The number of protons in an atom, defining the element.

Regions where electrons are arranged around the nucleus, holding varying numbers.

The total of protons and neutrons in an atom, usually expressed in atomic mass units (amu).

A pure substance made of two or more different, chemically bonded elements.

Two or more atoms bonded together; can be the same or different.

Two or more substances mixed physically, retaining their individual properties.

A mixture that is uniform throughout, with parts not visible separately.

A mixture where the different substances are easily visible and separable.

Matter made of only one type of atom.

A combination of two or more uncombined atoms.

Matter made of one type of compound only.

A mix containing two or more different compounds.

Compound: bonded elements; Molecule: bonded atoms; Mixture: combined substances.

Electrons in the outermost shell that influence chemical behavior.

Elements in this group have 4 valence electrons and can gain, lose, or share them.

Elements in this group have 5 valence electrons and typically aim to gain 3 more.

Halogens with 7 valence electrons; very reactive, looking to gain or share 1 electron.

Noble gases have 8 valence electrons and are unreactive due to a complete shell.

A chart organizing elements by atomic number and properties.

Elements on the left side of the periodic table, typically shiny and conductive.

Elements on the right side of the periodic table, generally dull and brittle.

Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals, located along the stair-step line.

Columns (groups) classify elements with similar properties; rows (periods) show increasing atomic numbers.

Regions around the nucleus where electrons reside, with each level holding a specific number of electrons.

Atoms are most stable when their outer shell has 8 electrons.