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Questions and Answers
How many neutrons do potassium-39 and potassium-40 have, respectively?
How many neutrons do potassium-39 and potassium-40 have, respectively?
Potassium-39 has 20 neutrons. Potassium-40 has 21 neutrons.
Which of the following statements is true of a neutral magnesium atom?
Which of the following statements is true of a neutral magnesium atom?
- It has 10 protons, 10 electrons, and 10 neutrons.
- It has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons. (correct)
- It has 12 protons, 10 electrons, and 12 neutrons.
- It has 14 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons.
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?
Hydrogen bond
An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have?
An isotope of sodium (Na) has a mass number of 22. How many neutrons does it have?
Which of the following statements is not true?
Which of the following statements is not true?
Using a pH meter, you find the pH of an unknown solution to be 8.0. How would you describe this solution?
Using a pH meter, you find the pH of an unknown solution to be 8.0. How would you describe this solution?
Approximately how much of an increase in hydrogen ion concentration is there between tomato juice and lemon juice if lemon juice has a pH of 2.0 and tomato juice has a pH of 4.0?
Approximately how much of an increase in hydrogen ion concentration is there between tomato juice and lemon juice if lemon juice has a pH of 2.0 and tomato juice has a pH of 4.0?
An example of a monosaccharide is ___________.
An example of a monosaccharide is ___________.
Cellulose and starch are examples of ___________.
Cellulose and starch are examples of ___________.
Phospholipids are important components of ___________.
Phospholipids are important components of ___________.
The monomers that make up proteins are called ___________.
The monomers that make up proteins are called ___________.
Why are hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions necessary for cells?
Why are hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions necessary for cells?
Why can some insects walk on water?
Why can some insects walk on water?
Explain why water is an excellent solvent.
Explain why water is an excellent solvent.
Explain at least three functions that lipids serve in plants and/or animals.
Explain at least three functions that lipids serve in plants and/or animals.
Explain what happens if even one amino acid is substituted for another in a polypeptide chain. Provide a specific example.
Explain what happens if even one amino acid is substituted for another in a polypeptide chain. Provide a specific example.
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Study Notes
Neutrons in Potassium Isotopes
- Potassium-39 contains twenty neutrons.
- Potassium-40 contains twenty-one neutrons.
Neutral Magnesium Atom Characteristics
- A neutral magnesium atom has 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 12 neutrons.
Weak Chemical Bond
- Hydrogen bonds represent a weak type of chemical bond.
Neutrons in Sodium Isotope
- An isotope of sodium with a mass number of 22 contains 11 neutrons.
Misconception About Water in Atmosphere
- Water is not the most abundant atom in Earth's atmosphere.
pH Meter Reading
- A solution with a pH of 8.0 is described as weakly basic.
Hydrogen Ion Concentration in Juices
- Lemon juice (pH 2.0) has a hydrogen ion concentration approximately 100 times greater than that of tomato juice (pH 4.0).
Examples of Monosaccharides
- Common monosaccharides include fructose, glucose, and galactose.
Polysaccharide Examples
- Cellulose and starch are classified as polysaccharides.
Function of Phospholipids
- Phospholipids are crucial components of the plasma membrane in cells.
Protein Building Blocks
- Amino acids serve as the monomers that compose proteins.
Role of Hydrogen Bonds and Van der Waals Interactions
- These weak interactions are essential for molecular associations, providing structural integrity to proteins and DNA, and contribute to the unique properties of water necessary for life.
Insect locomotion on Water
- Certain insects can walk on water due to surface tension, which arises from cohesion among water molecules at the liquid-air interface.
Water as an Excellent Solvent
- Water's polarity allows it to stabilize charged particles and prevent reassociation of ions, facilitating dissolution.
Functions of Lipids
- Lipids serve multiple roles including energy storage, insulation, and as essential components of cell membranes (phospholipids and steroids).
Impact of Amino Acid Substitution on Polypeptides
- Substituting even one amino acid can alter protein structure and function; for example, sickle cell anemia results from a single amino acid change in hemoglobin, leading to crescent-shaped red blood cells with serious health consequences.
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