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Questions and Answers
How many neutrons does an isotope of an element with a mass number of 25, containing 13 protons, have?
12
Which of the following could be a possible identity for X, where the atomic radius is larger than aluminum?
argon, Ar
Are Isotope X and Isotope Y different elements? Explain why or why not.
No, they are not different elements because they have the same number of protons.
Do Isotope X and Isotope Y have the same atomic mass? Explain why or why not.
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Do Isotope X and Isotope Y have the same number of valence electrons? Explain why or why not.
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Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for oxygen? In the molecule shown, the central atom forms bonds to _____ atoms and has ____ lone pairs.
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Compared to the bromate ion, the hypobromite ion would have One more oxygen atom, the same number of oxygen atoms, one less oxygen atom, or two less oxygen atoms?
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Based on electronegativity, which of the following would have only ionic bonds? silicon tetrafluoride, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, or hydrogen sulfide?
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For a carbon-nitrogen bond, you would expect A partial negative charge on the carbon, a partial positive charge on the nitrogen, both a and b, or none of these?
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Which of the following compounds is a hydride? KOH, HCl, AlH3, or HNO3?
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Study Notes
Isotopes and Neutrons
- An isotope with a mass number of 25 and 13 protons has 12 neutrons (25 - 13).
- Isotopes differ in neutron number but are the same element; thus, Isotope X (16 protons, 16 neutrons) and Isotope Y (16 protons, 18 neutrons) are different isotopes of the same element.
Atomic Radius Comparisons
- An element X has a larger atomic radius than aluminum; possible identities for X include magnesium (Mg) or potentially aluminum ion (Al3+).
- Argon (Ar) and boron (B) cannot have a larger atomic radius than aluminum.
Lewis Structures
- The correct Lewis structure for oxygen indicates it forms two bonds and has two lone pairs.
Ion Comparison
- The hypobromite ion has one less oxygen atom compared to the bromate ion.
Electronegativity and Bonding
- Ionic bonds typically occur when there is a significant difference in electronegativity; silicon tetrafluoride, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide are evaluated for bond type.
- In a carbon-nitrogen bond, expect a partial negative charge on carbon and a partial positive charge on nitrogen due to differences in electronegativity.
Hydrides
- Among listed compounds, AlH3 (aluminum hydride) qualifies as a hydride.
Bond Characteristics
- In non-polar bonds, electrons are shared equally between atoms, contrary to polar bonds where electrons are shared unequally or transferred.
Molecular Shapes
- The molecule SCl2 exhibits a bent molecular shape, while CO2 is linear, and PH3, though not specified to be bent, may have a different arrangement based on lone pairs.
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Description
This quiz tests your knowledge on isotopes, atomic radius, and element identities. Answer multiple-choice questions to demonstrate your understanding of these concepts.
