Chemistry Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

What is chemistry?

The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

What is organic chemistry?

The study of all chemicals containing carbon.

What is inorganic chemistry?

Study of chemicals that in general do not contain carbon. Signup and view all the answers

What is biochemistry?

The study of processes that take place in organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is analytical chemistry?

The area of study that focuses on the composition of matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is physical chemistry?

The area that deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change. Signup and view all the answers

What is pure chemistry?

The pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake. Signup and view all the answers

What is applied chemistry?

Research that is directed toward a practical goal of application. Signup and view all the answers

What is technology in the context of chemistry?

The means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired. Signup and view all the answers

What does microscopic mean?

Objects that can be seen only under magnification. Signup and view all the answers

What is biotechnology?

Applies science to the production of biological products or processes, using techniques that can alter the DNA in living organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pollutant?

A material found in air, water, or soil that is harmful to humans or other organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific method?

A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem. Signup and view all the answers

What is an observation?

When you use your senses to obtain information. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hypothesis?

A proposed explanation for an observation. Signup and view all the answers

What is an experiment?

A procedure that is used to test a hypothesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is a manipulated variable?

The variable that you change during an experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a responding variable?

The variable that is observed during the experiment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a theory?

A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a scientific law?

A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. Signup and view all the answers

What is a numerical word problem?

Analyze, calculate, and evaluate. Signup and view all the answers

What is a conceptual word problem?

Analyze and solve. Signup and view all the answers

What is the macroscopic world?

The world of objects that are large enough to see with the unaided eye. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Matter and Chemistry Fundamentals

Matter: Anything that possesses mass and occupies space.
Chemistry: The exploration of matter's composition and the transformations it undergoes.

Branches of Chemistry

Organic Chemistry: Focuses on carbon-containing compounds.
Inorganic Chemistry: Studies substances generally devoid of carbon.
Biochemistry: Investigates biological processes within organisms.
Analytical Chemistry: Concentrates on determining matter's composition.
Physical Chemistry: Examines mechanisms, rates, and energy transfers during chemical changes.

Types of Chemistry Pursuits

Pure Chemistry: Engages in the pursuit of chemical knowledge for intellectual curiosity.
Applied Chemistry: Involves practical research aimed at specific applications.

Technology and Society

Technology: Encompasses the tools and methods societies develop to meet needs and desires.

Observational Concepts

Microscopic: Describes objects that require magnification to be visible.
Pollutant: Refers to harmful materials present in air, water, or soil affecting organisms.

Scientific Inquiry

Scientific Method: Systematic approach for addressing scientific problems.
Observation: Utilization of senses to gather information.
Hypothesis: A tentative explanation formulated based on observations.
Experiment: A structured process to test a hypothesis.

Variables in Experiments

Manipulated Variable (Independent Variable): The variable intentionally altered in an experiment.
Responding Variable (Dependent Variable): The variable measured to assess changes influenced by the manipulated variable.

Theories and Laws

Theory: A robust and tested explanation covering a wide range of observations.
Scientific Law: A succinct statement summarizing the outcomes of numerous observations and experiments.

Problem-Solving in Chemistry

Numerical Word Problem: Involves the process of analyzing, calculating, and evaluating.
Conceptual Word Problem: Entails analysis and resolution of scientific concepts.

Perspectives on Scale

Macroscopic World: Describes large objects that can be viewed without magnification.

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Test your knowledge of fundamental chemistry concepts with these flashcards. Cover key terms including matter, chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. A great way to reinforce your understanding of the introduction to chemistry!