Chemical Processes of Weathering: Hydration, Hydrolysis, Solution, and More
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Questions and Answers

What process contributes to the swelling and shrinking of clay enriched rocks?

  • Action of Glaciers
  • Action of Wind
  • Atmospheric Electrical Phenomenon
  • Action of Water (correct)
  • In cold regions, what causes the movement of large glaciers?

  • Change in pressure
  • Action of wind
  • Change in temperature (correct)
  • Deposition of loose materials
  • Which natural phenomenon can cause rocks to break up during the rainy season?

  • Lightning (correct)
  • Wind erosion
  • Sand-laden winds
  • Snow accumulation
  • What effect does wind laden with fine sand, silt, or clay particles have on rocks?

    <p>It leads to wind erosion problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main process responsible for the decomposition of rocks and minerals?

    <p>Chemical weathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which natural substances increase considerably in volume on wetting and shrink on drying?

    <p>Smectite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does wetting have on clays like smectite and montmorillonite?

    <p>They increase in volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to clays like smectite during dry weather?

    <p>They form deep cracks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do clays like smectite form deep cracks during dry summer?

    <p>Due to shrinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process results in clays like smectite shrinking considerably in dry weather?

    <p>Alternate wetting and drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the notable characteristic of clays like smectite during dry summer?

    <p>They shrink considerably forming cracks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which minerals lose their luster, become soft, and tend to fall apart due to the addition of water?

    <p>Hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical process involves the addition of water to a mineral, causing it to absorb water, expand, and potentially disintegrate?

    <p>Hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of desiccating conditions on a hydrated mineral?

    <p>The water of crystallization is given out, and the mineral reverts to its original form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reaction represents the conversion of Haematite to Limonite through hydration?

    <p>$2Fe2O3 + 3H2O \rightarrow 2Fe2O3.3H2O$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does water play in the process of Hydrolysis?

    <p>It acts as a weak acid on silicate minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral undergoes a conversion to Olivine through the reaction $3(MgO.FeO.SiO2) + 2H2O \rightarrow 3MgO.2SiO2.2H2O - SiO2 + 3H2O$?

    <p>$3(MgO.FeO.SiO2) + 2H2O \rightarrow 3MgO.2SiO2.2H2O - SiO2 + 3H2O$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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