Chapter 7 Test - Ionic Compounds and Metals

Study Notes

Definitions of Key Terms in Ionic Compounds and Metals

Alloy: A metallic mixture, can be substitutional (similar atom sizes) or interstitial (smaller atoms fit between larger ones).
Anion: A negatively charged ion essential for forming ionic compounds.
Cation: A positively charged ion that plays a crucial role in ionic bonding.

Bonding Concepts

Chemical Bond: A force holding atoms together through positive-negative ion attraction or nuclear-electron attraction.
Ionic Bond: The electrostatic force between positively and negatively charged ions in ionic compounds.
Metallic Bond: Attraction between metallic cations and delocalized electrons, contributing to metallic properties.

Structural Characteristics

Crystal Lattice: A three-dimensional arrangement of ions where each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions, affecting the compound's shape.
Lattice Energy: The energy needed to separate one mole of ionic compound ions; influenced by ion size and charge.

Unique Electron Properties

Delocalized Electrons: Electrons that freely move among metal atoms, characteristic of metallic bonding.
Electron Sea Model: Concept that describes how valence electrons are shared among metal atoms, explaining malleability, conductivity, and ductility of metals.

Types of Ions

Formula Unit: The simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound, providing insight into its composition.
Monatomic Ion: An ion formed from a single atom, carrying a charge based on electron loss or gain.
Polyatomic Ion: A group of two or more atoms bonded together that carries a net charge, common in various compounds.
Oxyanion: A specific type of polyatomic ion consisting of a nonmetal element bonded to oxygen atoms.

Other Important Concepts

Electrolyte: An ionic compound that conducts electricity when dissolved in water, highlighting its importance in chemical applications.
Oxidation Number: The charge of a monatomic ion, indicating how many electrons have been lost or gained during ion formation.
Ionic Compounds: Formed by ionic bonds, these compounds exhibit unique properties due to the strong attractions between their constituent ions.

Description

Test your understanding of ionic compounds and metals with this flashcard quiz. Dive into terms like alloys, anions, and cations to reinforce your knowledge. Perfect for students studying chemistry and looking to prepare for their exams.