Chapter 7: Static Routing Quiz
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What is one advantage of static routing over dynamic routing?

  • Static routes provide better security. (correct)
  • Static routes are automatically learned.
  • Static routing requires more CPU cycles.
  • Static routes consume more bandwidth.

    • Which statement best describes a floating static route?

  • It is mandatory for all routing configurations.
  • It is used as the primary route for data transmission.
  • It provides a backup connection when the primary route fails. (correct)
  • It is automatically adjusted by routing protocols.

    • What is required when configuring an IPv4 static route?

  • The routing table requires an automatic update.
  • Only the destination network address.
  • A dynamic routing protocol must be enabled.
  • A next-hop address must be specified. (correct)

    • Which of the following is a disadvantage of static routing?

    <p>They require manual configuration for changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of configuring a summary static route?

    <p>To minimize the number of routing table updates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary uses for static routing?

    <p>Providing ease of routing table maintenance in small networks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a default static route specify in routing tables?

    <p>The gateway IP address for unmatched IP packets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes a stub network?

    <p>A network accessed by a single route without neighbors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a summary static route?

    <p>To combine several routes into one entry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a floating static route?

    <p>It serves as a backup path in case the primary route fails. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a next-hop static route defined?

    <p>By indicating only the next-hop IP address. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a fully specified static route?

    <p>Both the output interface and next-hop IP address are specified. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would R1 use a floating static route?

    <p>When the primary route fails due to a link issue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option represents a directly attached static route?

    <p>Defined solely by the router's exit interface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a static route when using a multi-access interface?

    <p>To explicitly identify the next hop. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command is NOT used to verify static routes?

    <p>show ip route summary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of route summarization?

    <p>To simplify the routing table by advertising a contiguous set of addresses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates a floating static route from a regular static route?

    <p>It has an administrative distance higher than other routes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be true about the next hop in a static route associated with a multi-access interface?

    <p>The next hop must be directly connected to the specified exit interface. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routes are automatically learned using a dynamic routing protocol.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routing can provide better security due to routes not being advertised over the network.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routes consume more CPU cycles compared to dynamic routing protocols.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The path a static route uses to send data remains unknown, unlike dynamic routes.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Configuring an IPv4 default route is not a part of static routing implementation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routing is best suited for small networks that are not expected to grow significantly.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A default static route uses the destination IPv4 address of 255.255.255.255.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routing can scale effectively in large networks without requiring administrator intervention.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A stub network is accessed by multiple routes from different routers.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Static routes can be used to create a backup route if a primary route link fails.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A floating static route is always used, regardless of the availability of the primary route.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a fully specified static route, only the exit interface is required to be specified.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The administrative distance of a floating static route is lower than that of a primary route.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a next-hop static route, the router must look for a match for both the next-hop IP address and the destination.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A directly attached static route specifies both the next-hop IP address and the exit interface.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A default static route is used to specify a specific path for all outbound traffic.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Route summarization is the practice of advertising multiple addresses as a single less-specific address.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Floating static routes have a lower administrative distance than dynamic routing protocols.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The command 'show ip route network' can be used to verify static routes.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a multi-access interface, the next hop must not be directly connected to the specified exit interface.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Static Routing

    Manually configuring routes in a router's routing table to reach remote networks.

    Advantages of Static Routing

    Enhanced security, less bandwidth usage, and a known data path.

    Static vs. Dynamic Routing

    Static routing is manually configured, while dynamic routing automatically learns routes.

    Purpose of Static Routes

    To define a specific path for network traffic to a destination.

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    Dynamic Routing

    Automatically learning routes using routing protocols.

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    Floating Static Route

    A backup route used when a primary static or dynamic route fails. It's only used if the primary path isn't available.

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    Static Routing Disadvantages

    Static routing is time-consuming to configure and maintain, error-prone, requires administrator intervention for changing routes, and doesn't scale well with growing networks.

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    Static Routing Use Cases

    Static routing is best for small, stable networks, routing to stub networks (networks with only one connection) and providing a default route for networks without specific routes.

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    Static Route Applications

    Static routes are used to connect to specific networks, act as a default gateway for stub networks, summarize multiple networks into a single route, and provide backup routes.

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    Next-Hop Route

    A static route where only the next-hop IP address is specified, creating a recursive lookup.

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    Directly Attached Static Route

    A static route that uses the router’s exit interface, meaning the destination is directly connected to the router.

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    Default Static Route

    A default static route is a route that matches all packets destined to networks not explicitly defined elsewhere in the routing table. It uses 0.0.0.0/0 as the destination IP address.

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    Fully Specified Static Route

    A static route that includes both the next-hop IP address and the exit interface.

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    Stub Network

    A stub network is a network connected to a router through a single route and has no other neighbors.

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    What is a next hop?

    The device that handles the next hop in the route. For example, the next hop could be a router or a network interface card (NIC).

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    When do you use a static route with an explicit next hop?

    When the output interface is a multi-access interface (like Ethernet) and you need to specify which device is the next hop. This is important because the router knows which device to send the traffic to.

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    Static Route Verification

    Using commands like "show ip route", "show ip route static", and "show ip route network" to check for static routes in the router's configuration.

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    Route Summarization

    Combining multiple routes for a similar destination with a single, more general route. This is useful for simplifying routing tables and reducing the amount of data that needs to be sent between routers.

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    Why Use Static Routing?

    For smaller networks or when specific paths are required due to security or performance needs, static routing provides control over routes with minimal overhead.

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    Default Route

    A static route that directs traffic to any destination not explicitly defined in the routing table. It uses 0.0.0.0/0 as the destination address.

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    Summary Route

    A static route that aggregates multiple routes into a single, more general route, simplifying the routing table and reducing routing protocol traffic.

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    When to use Static Routes?

    Use static routes for smaller, stable networks, to reach stub networks with a single connection, or as a default route when a more specific route isn't available.

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    What are Stub Networks?

    Networks with only one connection point to the outside world, like a small office with a single internet connection.

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    Static Route with Explicit Next Hop

    A static route used on a multi-access interface where you explicitly specify the next hop device to reach the destination network.

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    What does 'show ip route static' command do?

    It displays the static routes configured on a router. This helps you verify which static routes are active and what their details are.

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    What is Route Summarization?

    Combining multiple network routes into a single, more general route using a larger subnet mask. This simplifies routing tables and reduces overhead.

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    Study Notes

    Chapter 7: Static Routing

    • Static routing involves manually adding routes to a router's routing table.
    • Routers can learn about remote networks manually (static routes) or automatically (dynamic routing protocols).
    • Static routes provide better security than dynamic routing because the routes aren't advertised on the network.
    • Static routes also use fewer CPU cycles and bandwidth than dynamic routing protocols.
    • Static routing is not suitable for large networks or networks that frequently change, as the administrator must manually update the routes.
    • Static routes are suitable for smaller networks or when the network topology is constant.

    Objectives

    • Explain the advantages and disadvantages of static routing.
    • Explain the purpose of different types of static routes.
    • Configure IPv4 static routes by specifying a next-hop address.
    • Configure IPv4 default routes.
    • Configure an IPv4 summary network address to reduce the number of routing table updates.
    • Configure a floating static route to provide a backup connection.
    • Explain how a router processes packets when a static route is configured.
    • Troubleshoot common static and default route configuration issues.

    Static Route Applications

    • Connect to a specific network.
    • Provide a Gateway of Last Resort for a stub network (a network that only has one connection to another network).
    • Reduce the number of routes advertised by summarizing several contiguous networks as one static route.
    • Create a backup route in case a primary route link fails.

    Standard Static Route

    • Static routes are used to reach a stub network.
    • In the example diagram (page 10), a static route is utilized to enable direct communication to a stub network.
    • No dynamic routing protocol needs to be utilized to reach the stub network.

    Default Static Route

    • A default static route matches all packets that do not match a more specific route.
    • The default route identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets without a specific route.
    • It uses 0.0.0.0/0 as the destination IP address.

    Summary Static Route

    • A summary static route can be used to represent multiple networks using a single route.
    • The example on page 12 shows how four separate networks (172.21.0.0/16, 172.20.0.0/16, 172.23.0.0/16, and 172.22.0.0/16), can be represented by the single summary route 172.20.0.0/14.
    • This reduces the number of routes in the routing table.
    • Using a summary route significantly reduces the size of the routing table.

    Floating Static Route

    • Used as a backup route for other static or dynamically learned routes.
    • A floating static route is only used when the primary route is unavailable.
    • In cases of a failure of a primary route. a floating route will be used instead.
    • To accomplish this, the floating static route is configured with a higher administrative distance than the primary route.

    Configure IPv4 Static Routes

    • The ip route command is used to configure static routes.
    • The command syntax is ip route network-address subnet-mask {ip-address | exit-intf}, where:
      • network-address is the destination network address.
      • subnet-mask is the subnet mask of the destination network.
      • {ip-address | exit-intf} specifies either the next-hop IP address or the output interface.

    Configure IPv4 Static Routes: Next-Hop Options

    • Next-hop route (recursive): Only the next-hop IP address is specified.
    • Directly attached (connected) static route: Only the router exit interface is specified.
    • Fully specified static route: The next-hop IP address and exit interface are both specified.

    Verify Static Routes

    • Commands such as show ip route, show ip route static, and show ip route network can be used to verify static routes.
    • ping and traceroute are useful for verifying connectivity.

    Configure IPv4 Default Routes

    • A default static route matches any network, using the command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 {ip-address | exit-intf}.

    Configure IPv4 Summary Routes

    • Route summarization, also known as aggregation, combines multiple network addresses into a single address with a less-specific subnet mask, reducing route table entries.

    Troubleshoot Static Routes

    • Common IOS troubleshooting commands like ping, traceroute, show ip route, show ip interface brief, and show cdp neighbors detail help diagnose problems with missing routes.

    Chapter 7 Summary

    • Static routes are manually configured using an IP address as the next-hop router.
    • Resolving next-hop IP to an interface is done by the routing table process.
    • Point-to-point serial links benefit from using the exit interface to configure static routes.
    • Multi-access networks like Ethernet can configure a static route using an exit interface and a next-hop IP address.
    • Static routes default administrative distance is 1.

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    Related Documents

    Cisco Networking Academy Chapter 7: Static Routing PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of static routing, including its advantages and disadvantages, as well as configuration techniques for IPv4 static routes. Test your understanding of how static routing can provide security and efficiency for network management. Ideal for those studying networking fundamentals.

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