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Questions and Answers
Explain why R1 can ping R2 but cannot ping the R3 LAN based on the provided routing table information.
R1 can ping R2 because the destination IP address 172.16.2.2 is directly connected through the Serial0/1/0 interface. However, R1 cannot ping the R3 LAN at 192.168.2.1 because there is no route in the routing table for the 192.168.2.0/24 network. The routing table only shows entries for directly connected networks and associated local addresses.
What is the significance of the 'Gateway of last resort is not set' message in the routing table output?
The 'Gateway of last resort is not set' message indicates that there is no default route configured on the router. This means that if the router does not have a specific route for a destination, it will not know how to forward the traffic.
Explain why R1 has entries for 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.3.0/24 in its routing table.
R1 has entries for 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.3.0/24 in its routing table because these networks are directly connected to R1. The router has interfaces in these networks, which is why it has entries for them in its routing table.
What could be a possible reason for the 0 percent success rate when pinging 192.168.2.1?
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Explain the difference between a fully specified static route and a default static route in IPv4 routing.
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Describe the purpose of floating static routes and how they are configured.
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What is the command syntax for an IPv6 default static route, and what does it match?
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When would a host route be automatically installed in the routing table on a router?
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What are the three ways a host route can be added to the routing table?
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Explain the usage of a fully specified IPv6 static route and the requirements for specifying the next-hop address.
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What is the purpose of using a host route as a manually configured static route in IPv4 routing?
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What are the conditions for using the link-local address of the adjacent router as the next hop in an IPv6 static route?
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Explain the syntax for configuring IPv4 default static routes on a Cisco router, including an example of its usage?
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Provide an example of configuring next-hop IPv4 static routes on a Cisco router using the IP address of the next hop?
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What are the resulting routing table entries after configuring next-hop IPv4 static routes on a Cisco router?
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Explain the syntax for configuring IPv6 default static routes on a Cisco router, including an example of its usage?
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Provide an example of the commands to configure a Cisco router with IPv6 static routes to three remote networks?
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Explain the concept of fully specified static routes in the context of a Cisco router?
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What does the asterisk (*) next to the route with code ‘S’ indicate in the context of Cisco router static routes?
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Describe the command used to verify default static routes on a Cisco router and its purpose?
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Explain the example of an IPv4 default static route configured on a Cisco router and its function?
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Provide an example of an IPv6 default static route configured on a Cisco router and its purpose?
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Illustrate the configuration of directly connected IPv4 static routes on a Cisco router using the exit interface?
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Explain the purpose of using a static default route with a /0 mask for IPv4 default routes.
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What does the static default route configuration for IPv6 use as a prefix?
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What is the purpose of floating static routes?
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What does administrative distance represent in the context of routing?
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What is the significance of using a /32 mask for IPv4 host routes?
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How can the next-hop address be specified for IPv6 static routes?
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What types of static routes are supported by both IPv4 and IPv6?
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When would a floating static route be used?
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What is the purpose of a static host route?
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How can the effectiveness of floating static routes be verified?
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What is the administrative distance of static routes by default?
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What do static route configuration commands for IPv4 and IPv6 specify?
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Study Notes
Static Routes Configuration and Verification
- Static default route configuration uses /0 mask for IPv4 default routes, indicating that none of the bits are required to match unless a more specific match exists.
- The static default route configuration for IPv6 uses ::/0 prefix, indicating no bits are required to match unless a more specific match exists.
- Floating static routes provide a backup path to a primary static or dynamic route, with a higher administrative distance than the primary route.
- Administrative distance represents the trustworthiness of a route, with static routes having an administrative distance of 1 by default.
- Commands to configure default and floating IP default routes are provided for both IPv4 and IPv6.
- A simulation of R2 failure shows the secondary route being used, indicating the effectiveness of floating static routes.
- A static host route can be a manually configured static route to direct traffic to a specific destination device, using a /32 mask for IPv4 host routes and a /128 prefix length for IPv6 host routes.
- Example configurations for IPv4 and IPv6 static host routes to access a server are provided.
- A review of both the IPv4 and IPv6 route tables verifies that the static host routes are active.
- For IPv6 static routes, the next-hop address can be the link-local address of the adjacent router, requiring the specification of an interface type and number.
- Both IPv4 and IPv6 support various types of static routes, including standard, default, floating, and summary static routes.
- Static route configuration commands for IPv4 and IPv6 are provided, indicating the options for identifying the next hop and specifying the destination.
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Test your knowledge of static routes configuration, default and floating routes, administrative distance, and host routes for both IPv4 and IPv6 networks.