12 Questions
What percentage of the pancreas is made up of β-islets?
2%
Which of the following cells secretes pancreatic polypeptide?
F cells
What is the approximate percentage of cells in the islets that are B cells?
60-75%
What is the function of somatostatin in the islets of Langerhans?
Regulation of islet cell secretion
What is the approximate number of islets in humans?
1 to 2 million
What is the primary function of insulin and glucagon in the regulation of metabolism?
Regulation of intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What is the mechanism by which insulin increases glucose entry into liver cells?
Inducing glucokinase, which increases the phosphorylation of glucose
What is the function of microtubules in the secretion of insulin?
Movement of membrane-bound granules to the plasma membrane
What is the effect of insulin on hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue?
Inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase, which increases glucose uptake
What is the half-life of insulin in the circulation in humans?
5 minutes
What is the effect of insulin on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle?
Increase in protein synthesis
What is the mechanism of glucose transport in the intestine and kidneys?
Secondary active transport with Na+
Learn about the four polypeptides with regulatory activity secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. Understand their roles in regulating carbohydrate metabolism and intermediary metabolism of proteins and fats.
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