Chapter 13 Advanced Topics in Skin Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What is exfoliation?

  • The process of removing excess accumulation of dead skin cells from the corneum layers of the epidermis (correct)
  • The application of products to enhance skin appearance
  • A treatment that involves deep structural changes to the skin
  • None of the above

    • What is mechanical exfoliation?

    Microdermabrasion

    What is manual exfoliation?

    Scrubs

    What is chemical exfoliation?

    <p>Enzymes, AHA's and BHA's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range of an acid?

    <p>0-6; 7 is neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range for alkalines?

    <p>8-14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average pH of the skin?

    <p>between 4.5-5.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Exfoliation acid needs to have a _____ pH than the skin's pH to be effective.

    <p>lower than</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a TCA Peel?

    <p>Medium depth peel that removes the epidermis down to the dermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cell renewal factor?

    <p>The rate of cell mitosis and migration from the dermis to the top of the epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cell mitosis?

    <p>One of the goals for skin preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of peels are administered by a physician?

    <p>Deep peels that use strong chemicals to remove the epidermis down to the dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do AHA's do to skin cells?

    <p>Loosen the bonds between the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are buffering agents?

    <p>Ingredients added to products to help make them less irritating to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a body mask?

    <p>Used to remineralize and detoxify the body using clay, seaweed, or mud mixtures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reflexology involve?

    <p>Applying pressure to the feet or hands based on a system of zones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is endermology?

    <p>Treatment for cellulite that stimulates the reduction of adipose tissue through a vacuum massage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What affects the effectiveness of detoxifying treatments?

    <p>Dehydrated body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do botox injections do?

    <p>Uses neuromuscular-blocking serums to paralyze nerve cells in the muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is laser resurfacing?

    <p>Removes the epidermal layer and requires a recovery period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sclerotherapy is administered by a physician.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates cell metabolism and blood flow?

    <p>Microdermabrasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should microdermabrasion be stopped?

    <p>Once the skin shows erythema and redness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of device uses intense pulses of electromagnetic radiation?

    <p>Laser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pulsed lasers?

    <p>Skin resurfacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ranges of wavelength?

    <p>Visible, infrared and far infrared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    LED light should be used for?

    <p>Skin rejuvenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a microcurrent device do?

    <p>Mimics the way the brain relays messages to the muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a peeling chemical only used by a physician?

    <p>Carbolic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average cell turnover rate for people age 50+?

    <p>42 to 84 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to our cell renewal factor as we age?

    <p>It slows down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What procedure can only be administered by physicians?

    <p>Deep peels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does employing phenol indicate?

    <p>Deep peels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do peels and chemical exfoliation do?

    <p>Improve skin conditions such as acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a light peel?

    <p>Enzyme peel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Light peels are designed to treat what layer of the skin?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of balance must be maintained when exfoliating the skin?

    <p>Hydrolipidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Citric acid is considered an AHA.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often can enzymes be applied?

    <p>Every one to two weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _____ are used on clients with oilier skin and with acne.

    <p>BHAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _____ peels are used to treat acne and sun damage.

    <p>Jessner's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a person who cannot tolerate acids consider?

    <p>Microdermabrasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long do microdermabrasion treatments last?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microdermabrasion should not be used on clients with?

    <p>Rosacea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color will yellow light absorb?

    <p>Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For skin rejuvenation, what stimulates to repair and rebuild tissue?

    <p>Fibroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photodynamic therapy is best for treating?

    <p>Actinic keratoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of medical devices are lasers and IPL rated?

    <p>Class IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class is LED classified as?

    <p>Class I or II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which LED color improves acne?

    <p>Blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color LED improves lymphatic flow?

    <p>Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which LED color is considered calming?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is considered stimulating while ____ is considered calming.

    <p>Red; Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to a color component within the skin?

    <p>Chromophore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long are LEDs used in facials?

    <p>15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is microcurrent used for?

    <p>To tone and stimulate facial muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Epilepsy is a contraindication for microcurrent.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nano tips do not penetrate into the dermis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assists in product penetration?

    <p>Ultra Sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are examples of hydrotherapy treatments?

    <p>Steam, ice and liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What product reduces irritation?

    <p>Buffering agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition(s) could occur if microdermabrasion is improperly used?

    <p>Hypo/Hyperpigmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might slow down electrical impulses as we age?

    <p>Aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two primary causes of cellulite?

    <p>Female hormones and genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exfoliation procedures were used by Egyptians more than 5,000 years ago?

    <p>Chemical peel procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many layers is the keratinized corneum layer composed of?

    <p>15-20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What product has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory qualities?

    <p>Salicylic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What procedure minimizes varicose veins?

    <p>Sclerotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What modality stimulates collagen in the dermis for wrinkle reduction?

    <p>Non-ablatlive intense pulse light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ingredients are beneficial when combined with peels for dry skin?

    <p>Ceramides, hyaluronic acid, phospholipids, allantoin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should clients avoid prior to chemical exfoliation?

    <p>Sun exposure, scrubs, rubbing dead skin, waxing, benzoyl peroxide, depilatories, exfoliating, glycolic acid products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of preoperative care?

    <p>Increase skin metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is glycolic acid frequently used for superficial peels?

    <p>Smallest molecular size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical term for a tummy tuck?

    <p>Blepharoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which light is calming and has a psychological effect?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which three treatments is microampere electrical neuromuscular stimulation used?

    <p>For pain control, bone fusion, healing muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What peel has an ethanol solvent containing lactic, salicylic and resorcinol?

    <p>Jessner's Peel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatments remove excessive accumulation of dead cells from the stratum corneum?

    <p>Superficial peel, keratolysis, desquamation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    LED is nonthermal.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are exfoliation services synonymous with?

    <p>Body polishes and body glows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the BHA salicylic derived from?

    <p>Sweet Birch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two things should you discuss during a consultation for a peel?

    <p>Explain procedures and realistic goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are core ingredients in Balnio Therapy?

    <p>Mud and fango</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two ingredients are in dermal fillers?

    <p>Hyaluronic acid, silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process slows down as the body ages?

    <p>Cellular Renewal Factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three Ayurveda doshas?

    <p>Pitta, Kapha and Vata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical term for a tummy tuck?

    <p>Abdominoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tummy tuck?

    <p>Removes excess fat deposits and loose skin from the abdomen to tuck and tighten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What products/methods are used to do light peels?

    <p>Glycolic, microdermabrasion, manual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a successful treatment of microdermabrasion depend on?

    <p>Proper use of hand piece, rate of crystal flow, vacuum setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LED blue light treat?

    <p>Acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What needs to be strengthened and hydrated to repair cellulite?

    <p>Cells and connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Exfoliation and Skin Treatments

    • Exfoliation involves the removal of dead skin cells from the corneum layers of the epidermis, and includes processes like superficial peeling, keratolysis, and desquamation.
    • Mechanical exfoliation is exemplified by microdermabrasion, while manual exfoliation involves scrubs.
    • Chemical exfoliation uses agents such as enzymes, alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), and beta hydroxy acids (BHAs).

    pH Levels

    • Acids have a pH range of 0-6, with 7 indicating neutrality. Alkalines range from 8-14.
    • The average pH of skin lies between 4.5-5.0, and an exfoliating acid must have a lower pH than this for effectiveness.

    Chemical Peels

    • TCA Peel is a medium-depth peel that affects both epidermis and dermis layers.
    • Deep peels, administered only by physicians, utilize strong chemicals and aim to remove epidermal layers down to the dermis.
    • Peeling agents include carbolic acid, a strong chemical peel used only by practitioners.

    Skin Health and Treatments

    • Cell renewal factor represents the rate at which skin cells undergo mitosis and migrate to the epidermis' surface.
    • As individuals age, the cell renewal factor and skin metabolism decrease, affecting overall skin health.
    • Microdermabrasion stimulates cell metabolism and blood flow while helping to rejuvenate skin.

    LED and Light Therapy

    • Specific colors of LED lights have unique benefits: Blue light treats acne, Yellow enhances lymphatic flow, and Green has a calming effect.
    • LED treatments typically last around 15 minutes in facials and are classified as nonthermal medical devices.

    Contraindications and Precautions

    • Precautions before chemical exfoliation include avoiding sun exposure, scrubs, and certain chemicals like glycolic acid.
    • Patients with conditions like rosacea or epilepsy should refrain from procedures such as microdermabrasion and microcurrent treatment.

    Body and Facial Treatments

    • Detoxifying body masks employ ingredients such as clay and seaweed to remineralize and detoxify the body.
    • Reflexology applies pressure to the feet and hands to correspond with various body areas.
    • Treatments like Endermology focus on reducing cellulite through vacuum massage techniques.

    Aging and Cellular Health

    • Factors such as female hormones and genetics contribute to cellulite development.
    • As we age, the risk of hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation increases, especially when treatments like microdermabrasion are improperly used.

    Surgical and Non-Surgical Procedures

    • Procedures like blepharoplasty correct sagging eyelids, impacting vision.
    • Tummy tuck (abdominoplasty) surgeries aim to tighten and remove excess skin and fat from the abdomen.

    Ingredient and Treatment Synergy

    • Ingredients beneficial for dry skin in peels include ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and phospholipids.
    • Preoperative care aims to enhance skin metabolism and prepares clients for advanced treatments.

    Ayurveda and Holistic Concepts

    • Ayurveda recognizes three doshas: Pitta, Kapha, and Vata, contributing to overall health and skin wellness.
    • Balnio therapy uses mud and fango for therapeutic benefits in skin treatments.

    Effective Treatment Practices

    • Successful microdermabrasion relies on the proper use of the device's handpiece, crystal flow rate, and vacuum setting accuracy.
    • Maintaining a hydrolipidic balance is essential during exfoliation to protect skin health.

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    Explore the advanced concepts and treatments related to exfoliation in skincare. This quiz provides a deep dive into definitions and methods such as mechanical, manual, and chemical exfoliation. Perfect for enhancing your understanding of skin health and treatment techniques.

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