Chapter 10 - Classical Massage Movements
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Questions and Answers

Name six basic classifications of movements used in massage.

Touch, stroking, kneading, friction, percussion, and joint movements.

Which control should the practitioner have over the massage treatment?

The practitioner should regulate the intensity of pressure, direction of movement, and duration of each type of manipulation.

Over which parts of the body are light movements applied?

Light movements should be applied over thin tissues and bony parts.

Over which parts of the body are heavy movements applied?

<p>Heavier movements should be applied over thick tissues and muscular parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction is massage generally applied?

<p>Massage is generally applied in a centripetal direction, or toward the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are massage movements directed away from the heart?

<p>Massage strokes directed away from the heart should be light enough that they do not affect fluid flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate duration of a full-body massage?

<p>The approximate duration of a full-body massage is about an hour.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of a massage technique, what is touch?

<p>In massage technique, touch refers to the stationary contact of the practitioner's hand and the client's body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is light touch administered, and what are its effects?

<p>Light touch is purposeful contact where the natural weight of the practitioner's fingers is applied to soothe and provide calming effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is deep touch given, and where is it used?

<p>Deep touch is performed with one finger or all fingers, and is used where calming or stimulating effects are desired.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is aura stroking performed?

<p>Aura stroking is done with long, smooth strokes that glide close to but do not actually touch the body surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for feather stroking, and how is it used?

<p>Another name for feather stroking is nerve strokes, typically used as the final stroke on areas of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is effleurage?

<p>Effleurage is a succession of strokes applied by gliding the hand over an extended portion of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kind of effleurage requires the lightest possible touch?

<p>Superficial stroking is a kind of effleurage that requires the lightest possible touch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kind of effleurage requires firm pressure?

<p>Deep gliding strokes require firm pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of superficial gliding strokes?

<p>Superficial gliding strokes produce soothing effects and overcome tiredness or restlessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of deep gliding strokes?

<p>Deep gliding strokes have a stretching and broadening effect on muscle tissue and fascia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is kneading movement applied in massage?

<p>Kneading movements are applied by grasping muscular tissue and squeezing, rolling, or pinching with firm pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of kneading?

<p>Kneading enhances fluid movement in both superficial and deeper tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classical term that means the same as kneading?

<p>Petrissage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what part of the body is the fulling movement recommended?

<p>Fulling is recommended for the muscular areas of the arms and legs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way to apply friction movements to the body?

<p>Friction movements are applied by moving superficial layers of flesh against the deeper tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of friction on the connective tissue?

<p>Heat created during friction movements makes the connective tissues surrounding the muscles more pliable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is cross-fiber friction applied?

<p>Cross-fiber friction uses short, deep strokes transverse to the muscle, tendon, or ligament fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what manner are compression movements applied to the body?

<p>Compression movements are rhythmic pressing movements directed into muscle tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of compression movements?

<p>Compression movements invigorate the body and stimulate blood and lymph flow, preventing muscular stiffness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way to apply vibratory movements to the body?

<p>Vibratory movements are applied with a continuous shaking or trembling motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a safe rate of vibration?

<p>Vibration is safe at a rate of 5 to 10 times per second by hand or 10 to 100 times by electrical vibrator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the practitioner control the effects produced by vibratory movements?

<p>The practitioner can control the effects by adjusting the rate of vibration, intensity of pressure, and duration of treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is excessive vibration harmful?

<p>Excessive vibration produces a numbing effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper way to apply percussion movements to the body?

<p>Percussion movements are applied with quick striking motions performed with both hands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the various forms of percussion movements.

<p>Percussion movements include slapping, beating, hacking, cupping, and tapping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of percussion movements?

<p>Percussion movements tone the muscles and stimulate the nervous and circulatory systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To which parts of the body can joint movements be applied?

<p>Joint movements can be applied to various joints including those of the toes, knees, hips, and vertebrae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two types of joint movements.

<p>Active joint movements and passive joint movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the difference between active assistance joint movements and active resistive joint movements.

<p>Active assistive movements involve practitioner assistance while the client moves; active resistive movements involve resistance against client motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is range of motion?

<p>Range of motion (ROM) is the movement of a joint from one extreme of the articulation to the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is end feel?

<p>End feel refers to the change in the quality of feeling as the end of a joint movement is approached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is pressure regulated during a massage?

<p>Pressure is regulated during a massage according to the technique used and the intended outcome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a pain threshold in the practice of massage?

<p>A person's pain threshold determines the discomfort that can be tolerated without adverse reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Swedish movements?

<p>Swedish movements refer to the most current massage styles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does therapeutic refer to in massage?

<p>Therapeutic refers to when a practitioner recognizes the purposes and effects of movements and adapts the treatment accordingly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is touch in the context of massage?

<p>Touch is a massage practitioner's main mode of communication, involving stationary contact without movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does centrifugal mean in massage?

<p>Centrifugal refers to a massage movement directed away from the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does gliding refer to in massage?

<p>Gliding involves sliding the hand over a portion of the client's body with varying amounts of pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is percussion in massage?

<p>Percussion refers to rapidly striking the hands against the surface of the client's body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deep touch?

<p>Deep touch is a technique used to relieve muscle spasms and stress points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fingers used for in massage?

<p>Fingers are typically used for effleurage over small areas such as the face.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is the weight of the client a factor in determining the depth of a deep gliding movement?

<p>No, the weight of the client is not a factor in determining the depth of a deep gliding movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does friction refer to in massage?

<p>Friction refers to moving a superficial layer of tissue against a deeper layer of tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is compression in the context of massage?

<p>Compression is a technique that causes an increase in blood flow to the area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pliable mean in relation to massage?

<p>Pliable refers to how heat makes the connective tissues around muscles more flexible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is transverse friction massage?

<p>Transverse friction massage is the preferred technique to reduce fibrosis and scar tissue formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does oscillating refer to in massage?

<p>Oscillating is a back-and-forth movement by a mechanical vibrator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does orbital mean in massage?

<p>Orbital refers to a mechanical vibrator that has a circular movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fulling classified as in Swedish massage?

<p>Fulling is classified as a friction movement in Swedish massage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The intention with which a manipulation is applied influences what?

<p>It influences pressure, duration, and effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does compression refer to in terms of movement?

<p>Compression is a rhythmic, perpendicular pumping action to the muscle body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is range of motion?

<p>Range of motion is the movement of a joint from one extreme of the articulation to the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates tension or dysfunction in muscle or soft tissue?

<p>Pain is the primary indication of tension or dysfunction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are feather strokes?

<p>Feather strokes are done centrifugally with only the fingertips.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is superficial gliding used for?

<p>Superficial gliding is used when the client has high blood pressure or feels tired and tense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is superficial touch?

<p>Superficial touch involves the natural weight of the practitioner's hand resting on a given area of the client's body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hacking refer to in massage?

<p>Hacking refers to quick, striking manipulations with the ulnar border of the hand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is skin rolling in massage?

<p>Skin rolling involves picking the skin and subcutaneous tissue up between the thumbs and fingers and rolling it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do active assistive joint movements require?

<p>Active assistive joint movements require help from the practitioner as the client moves a limb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cross-fiber friction?

<p>Cross-fiber friction is applied in a transverse direction across muscle, tendon, or ligament fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is kneading?

<p>Kneading involves raising skin and muscular tissues and squeezing with firm pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does friction in massage involve?

<p>Friction involves moving more superficial layers of flesh against deeper tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is circular friction?

<p>Circular friction involves moving the skin in a circular pattern over the deeper tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tapping refer to in massage?

<p>Tapping refers to quick, striking manipulations with the tips of the fingers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are active resistive joint movements?

<p>Active resistive joint movements are when the practitioner resists the client's movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are feather stroking techniques?

<p>Feather stroking involves very light fingerprint pressure with long, flowing strokes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are passive joint movements?

<p>Passive joint movements involve moving a client's joint while the muscles are relaxed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deep gliding?

<p>Deep gliding is a stroke with enough pressure to have a mechanical effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vibration involve?

<p>Vibration is a continuous shaking or trembling movement transmitted from the practitioner's hand or an electrical appliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Basic Classifications of Massage Movements

  • Six fundamental movements: touch, stroking, kneading, friction, percussion, and joint movements.
  • Touch forms the basis for communication in massage through direct contact with the client's skin.

Control and Application of Massage Techniques

  • Practitioners must regulate pressure intensity, movement direction, and duration to align with the client's needs.
  • Light movements are tailored for thin tissues and bony areas; heavier movements are reserved for thick tissues and muscular regions.

Direction of Massage

  • Massage is typically performed in a centripetal direction, moving toward the heart.
  • Centrifugal movements are directed away from the heart and are applied gently to not disrupt fluid flow.

Duration and Technique of Massage

  • A full-body massage usually lasts around one hour.
  • Techniques such as effleurage involve gliding strokes over larger body areas, with superficial strokes employing the lightest touch.

Techniques within Massage

  • Deep touch utilizes firm pressure with various parts of the hand, effective for calming or stimulating clients.
  • Aura stroking employs long, smooth strokes that glide near but do not touch the skin.
  • Feather stroking (nerve strokes) serve as gentle final touches over body areas.

Kneading and Friction

  • Kneading (or petrissage) involves grasping muscles, rolling, or pinching them to enhance fluid movement in tissues.
  • Friction movements create heat, promoting pliability in connective tissues by moving superficial layers against deeper ones.

Percussion and Compression

  • Percussion entails quick striking movements, which stimulate muscle tone and circulation. Types include slapping, beating, and tapping.
  • Compression involves rhythmic pressing into muscle tissue to invigorate and enhance blood flow.

Joint Movements

  • Joint movements can be active or passive, manipulating virtually any joint in the body.
  • Active assistive movements help clients perform actions while practitioners offer support.

Range of Motion and Pain Threshold

  • Range of motion (ROM) refers to the extent of joint movement, while the pain threshold is crucial for determining comfort and effectiveness in treatment.

Effect and Safety of Vibratory Techniques

  • Vibration is a continuous shaking movement and should be applied at safe rates to avoid adverse effects like numbness.
  • Practitioners control vibratory effects through adjustment of rate, pressure, and treatment duration.

Importance of Touch and Pressure Regulation

  • Gentle touch fosters a calming connection and is pivotal for clients with anxiety or pain.
  • Pressure should start light to gauge client response, adapting according to technique and individual pain thresholds.

Advanced Massage Techniques

  • Specific advanced techniques include cross-fiber friction for soft tissue injuries and skin rolling for deeper tissue manipulation.
  • Fulling is classified as a friction movement targeting muscular areas in arms and legs.

Understanding Client Needs

  • Practitioners should recognize the significance of therapeutic understanding, allowing for tailored treatments based on individual client responses and conditions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the fundamental movements used in classical massage techniques. This quiz covers the six basic classifications of movements and the practitioner's control during treatment. Perfect for students and professionals in massage therapy.

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