Chapter 1: Crime & Criminal Justice
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Questions and Answers

Which group of individuals is considered easily victimized due to their gullibility and lack of vigilance?

  • Lonesome and Heartbroken
  • Depressed (correct)
  • Acquisitive
  • Tormentors
  • Which characteristic primarily describes the Acquisitive individuals in the context of victimization?

  • Greediness and susceptibility to scams (correct)
  • Self-aware and cautious
  • Desire for companionship
  • Manipulative behavior in relationships
  • Who are the individuals that may become victims when their previous victims retaliate?

  • Lonesome and Heartbroken
  • Tormentors (correct)
  • Depressed
  • Blocked/Exempted/Fighting Victims
  • Which group is especially prone to victimization due to their intense longing for companionship?

    <p>Lonesome and Heartbroken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common trait among blocked/exempted/fighting victims that contributes to their victimization?

    <p>Entering situations where they can be taken advantage of due to their own actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes larceny?

    <p>Taking possessions with the intent of keeping them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between burglary and larceny?

    <p>Burglary involves entering a place to commit a crime, while larceny is theft without entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crime is classified as a felony?

    <p>Robbery involving a weapon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates violent crime from property crime?

    <p>Violent crime results in physical harm to victims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of crime, what does the term 'victimless crime' refer to?

    <p>Crimes that do not have identifiable victims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary roles of the US Marshals?

    <p>Executing federal warrants for arrest and search</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases falls under the jurisdiction of US District Courts?

    <p>Cases involving a federal question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one logistical obstacle to effectively measuring crime?

    <p>Inconsistent definitions across jurisdictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional duty do US Marshals perform related to prisoners?

    <p>Secure transportation of federal prisoners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding violent crimes?

    <p>They often lead to the death penalty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'arson' is best defined as:

    <p>Willfully burning another's property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend has been observed regarding criminal prosecutions in US District Courts since 1980?

    <p>Significant rise in drug and immigration prosecutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the US Marshals?

    <p>Managing local law enforcement agencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for the exclusion of certain offenses in the criminal justice system?

    <p>The cost of maintaining a completely crime-free society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an adversarial process in the court system?

    <p>Two opposing parties present their cases independently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Wedding Cake Model represents the most sensational cases?

    <p>Top Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between a bench trial and a jury trial?

    <p>In a bench trial, the judge decides and there is no jury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does discretion influence the criminal justice process?

    <p>It allows officials to make decisions within legal guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a docket in the context of courts?

    <p>A schedule of cases to be heard by the court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crime is described as a non-violent offense committed during business for financial gain?

    <p>White Collar Crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did inquests play in the development of jury systems?

    <p>They represented the first formal jury to investigate facts about incidents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common issue can lead to cases falling through the cracks in the criminal justice system?

    <p>The high stress nature of the roles involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the courts in colonial North America differ from those in England?

    <p>Local concerns influenced the development of court practices in each colony.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Wedding Cake Model involves less serious felonies that typically do not involve fatalities?

    <p>Third Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of corporate crime?

    <p>It is exclusively committed by employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the Bottom Layer of the Wedding Cake Model?

    <p>Misdemeanors or minor offenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of crime is typically punishable by a sentence of a year or more in prison?

    <p>Felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature that must be present for an act to be labeled a criminal offense?

    <p>Criminal intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the act of planning or attempting to commit a crime, without actually carrying it out?

    <p>Inchoate offense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crime is generally characterized by minor offenses and may result in fines or jail time for less than a year?

    <p>Misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the corpus delicti framework, what does actus reus refer to?

    <p>Guilty deed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes infractions from other classifications of crime?

    <p>Type of legal representation required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between actus reus and mens rea in criminal law?

    <p>They must occur simultaneously for a crime to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of crime refers to the circumstances surrounding the criminal act?

    <p>Attendant circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 1: Crime & Criminal Justice

    • Social Control: Society's rules, habits, and customs to enforce conformity to norms. Without control, society would be chaotic and dangerous.
    • Crime: Violation of societal laws by individuals or groups.
    • Justice: Applying punishment or reward based on a society's morals and values. Interpretations of justice can vary between societies.
    • Criminal Justice: A social institution tasked with controlling crime by detecting, detaining, adjudicating, punishing, and/or rehabilitating lawbreakers. This system is dynamic and continuously evolves.
    • Sociological Imagination: The idea that individual perceptions of society are influenced by personal circumstances (e.g., social class, race, age, gender).
    • Criminal Justice System: Comprises various government agencies at federal, state, and local levels with roles in dealing with crime. There are approximately 18,000 agencies nationwide.

    CJ System & Process

    • The system responds to societal breaches of law (e.g., state versus defendant).
    • Law enforcement, courts, and corrections are key components in dealing with cases.
    • Initial contact with law enforcement initiates the process.
    • Courts determine guilt/innocence.
    • Convictions proceed to correctional systems to address the punishment/treatment.
    • The process involves multiple stages with decisions made at each step to move the case forward.

    Law Enforcement

    • Law enforcement is the first point of contact in a criminal case.
    • Initial investigation, collecting evidence, preserving crime scenes, and taking statements are part of the process.
    • Law enforcement reports crime and involves initial contact, investigation, arrest, and booking

    Courts

    • The prosecutor decides whether sufficient evidence exists for charges.
    • Preliminary hearings determine probable causes to move forward to the next steps.
    • Formal charges (arraignment) are issued.
    • Plea bargains (plea negotiations) may occur.
    • Judgments and sentencing are rendered.

    CORRECTIONS

    • The offender is punished, which can involve payment of financial penalties or serving some or all of a jail/prison sentence.
    • Offenders who are sentenced to less than a year are held in local jails
    • Longer terms are served in state or federal prisons

    Due Process & Crime Control Models

    • Due Process Model: emphasizes fairness in the justice system, with focus on protecting the rights of the accused
    • Crime Control Model: emphasizes efficiency and effectiveness in the justice system, with focus on maintaining order and repressing crime

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    Description

    Explore the foundational concepts of crime and criminal justice through this quiz. Understand social control, the dynamics of the criminal justice system, and how individual perceptions shape societal norms. Test your knowledge on the roles and functions of various agencies involved in maintaining justice.

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