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Illegal Behavior Defined by Existing Criminal Law:

• Crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.

• Crime does not have a simple and universally accepted definition.

• A crime is something declared as such by the relevant and applicable law.

• Acts such as murder, rape, and theft are to be prohibited worldwide.

• The state has the power to severely restrict one's liberty for committing a crime.

• Investigations and trials must adhere to procedures in modern societies.

• The "act of doing something criminal" must be accompanied by the "intention to do something criminal."

• Breaches of private law are not automatically punished by the state.

• Crime is a type of social construct, and societal attitudes determine what is considered criminal.

• Criminology is a subfield of sociology that addresses issues of social norms, social order, deviance, and violence.

• The study of crime includes crime prevention, criminal law, crime statistics, and forensic science.

• There are several types of crimes, including violent crime, property crime, public order crime, political crime, and inchoate crime.Overview of Criminal Law and Justice

• Victims of crime may experience short-term or long-term "repeat victimization."

• Victims of domestic violence, embezzlement, child abuse, and bullying are common long-term victims.

• Repeat victimization may occur when a potential victim appears to be a viable target.

• Traits that indicate criminality also indicate victimality.

• Victims are more likely to have engaged in criminal activities themselves.

• The enforcement of criminal law seeks to prevent crime and sanction crimes that do occur.

• Punishment is generally reserved for serious offenses.

• Retributive justice seeks to create a system of accountability and punish criminals in a way that knowingly causes suffering.

• International criminal law typically addresses serious offenses, such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.

• Negative economic factors significantly increase the incentive to commit crime.

• Social factors similarly affect the likelihood of criminal activity.

• There is no known genetic cause of crime.