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Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: Replication Process

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Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: Replication Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

Replacing primers on the leading strand

Transcribing mRNA

Joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand (correct)

Unwinding the DNA double helix

Which enzyme is responsible for replacing primers during DNA replication?

RNA polymerase

DNA ligase

DNA polymerase I (correct)

DNA polymerase III

What can happen if DNA replication errors are not patched up, especially at fragile sites?

Breaks in DNA leading to potential cancer (correct)

Activation of genes that lead to cell death

Formation of stronger DNA bonds

Enhanced accuracy of DNA replication machinery

In which direction does transcription occur?

5' to 3' Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is responsible for carrying amino acids during protein synthesis?

tRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a 5'-GTP cap and poly-A tail to mature mRNA?

Provide chemical protection to mRNA Signup and view all the answers

Which phase/step of the cell cycle is replication a prerequisite for?

S phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Topoisomerase during DNA replication?

Stretches/uncoils DNA to ensure it is straight for unzipping Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands in the 5' to 3' direction during elongation?

DNA polymerase III Signup and view all the answers

Where does replication initiation begin in the DNA molecule?

At the origin or replication centre Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of synthesis in the leading strand during DNA replication?