40 Questions
The CNS consists of the ______ and spinal cord
brain
The PNS includes cranial nerves, rootlets, roots, spinal nerves, rami, and ______
peripheral nerves
The outermost and toughest layer of the meninges is the ______ mater
dura
The subarachnoid space contains ______ fluid
cerebrospinal
The delicate, weblike layer of the meninges is the ______ mater
arachnoid
The innermost, delicate layer of the meninges is the ______ mater
pia
The tapering of the spinal cord is known as Conus ______
medullaris
The bundle of nerve fibers running inferior to the conus medullaris is called ______ equina
cauda
The space between the dura and vertebral column is the ______ space
epidural
The space between the arachnoid and dura is a ______ space
subdural
The spinal cord is supplied by the (anterior & posterior) ______
arteries
The internal vertebral plexus is located in the ______ space
epidural
Cervical spinal nerves emerge superior to the numbered vertebral level, for example, C1 spinal nerve emerges above C1 ______
vertebra
Cervical enlargement accommodates higher concentration of nerve fibers to innervate the ______
UE
The ventral rootlets/roots of spinal nerves are responsible for ______ (motor) function
efferent
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves innervate the intrinsic back muscles and provide ______ (sensory) input
skin
The intervertebral foramen is bounded superiorly and inferiorly by the ______
pedicles
The uncinate process of the inferior vertebra is part of the ______ intervertebral foramen
cervical
The spinal cord is supplied by ______ (anterior & posterior) arteries
arteries
The ventral and dorsal rami of spinal nerves contain ______ fibers
mixed
What are the three layers of the meninges?
Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater
What is the extension of the dura mater that anchors the dural sac to the coccyx?
Filum terminale externum
Which layer of the meninges is not attached to the dura but is pressed against it via pressure from CSF?
Arachnoid mater
What is the tapering of the spinal cord known as?
Conus medullaris
What forms the denticulate ligaments, anchoring the spinal cord to the dural sac?
Pia mater
What is the bundle of nerve fibers running inferior to the conus medullaris known as?
Cauda equina
Where is the epidural space located?
Between dura mater and vertebrae
What is the potential space located between the arachnoid and dura called?
Subdural space
What is the delicate, weblike layer within the meninges where the CSF is found?
Arachnoid mater
What forms the closed sac that ends at the S2 level?
Dura mater
What are the boundaries of the intervertebral foramen?
Superior & inferior: pedicles, Anterior: vertebral body, IV disc, Posterior: facet joints
In which areas of the body do the ventral rami of spinal nerves innervate?
The rest of the body, UE / LE, Anterior and lateral trunk
What is the function of the dorsal rami of spinal nerves?
Innervate: Intrinsic back muscles, Skin of the back (sensory), Facet joints, Proprioception, Pain
What does the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord accommodate?
Higher concentration of nerve fibers to innervate UE
What are the contents of the vertebral canal?
Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, Internal vertebral plexus
What are the regions/segments of the spinal cord?
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal
What is the function of the ventral rootlets/roots of spinal nerves?
Efferent (motor)
Where is the internal vertebral plexus located?
In epidural space
What do the spinal nerves emerge superior to, in terms of vertebral levels?
Numbered cervical spinal nerve emerges superior to numbered vertebral level, e.g., C1 spinal nerve emerges above C1 vertebra
How many cervical spinal nerves emerge superior to their numbered vertebral level?
8
Study Notes
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord
- The PNS includes cranial nerves, rootlets, roots, spinal nerves, rami, and ganglia
Meninges
- The outermost and toughest layer of the meninges is the dura mater
- The delicate, weblike layer of the meninges is the arachnoid mater
- The innermost, delicate layer of the meninges is the pia mater
Spinal Cord
- The tapering of the spinal cord is known as Conus medullaris
- The bundle of nerve fibers running inferior to the conus medullaris is called cauda equina
- The spinal cord is supplied by the anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Vertebral Column and Spinal Nerves
- The internal vertebral plexus is located in the epidural space
- Cervical spinal nerves emerge superior to the numbered vertebral level
- The ventral rootlets/roots of spinal nerves are responsible for motor function
- Dorsal rami of spinal nerves innervate the intrinsic back muscles and provide sensory input
- The intervertebral foramen is bounded superiorly and inferiorly by the vertebrae
- The uncinate process of the inferior vertebra is part of the intervertebral foramen
Other Key Points
- The space between the dura and vertebral column is the epidural space
- The space between the arachnoid and dura is a potential space
- The cervical enlargement accommodates a higher concentration of nerve fibers to innervate the upper limbs
Test your knowledge about the central and peripheral nervous system, focusing on the vertebral column and meninges. Understand the composition and functions of the CNS and PNS, as well as the contents of the vertebral canal and meninges.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
