Cellular Biology: Adrenal Gland Functions

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the main effect of cortisol on protein metabolism?

Increased muscle fiber synthesis

Reduced cellular protein synthesis (correct)

Promotion of connective tissue synthesis

Enhanced bone formation

Which of the following is a main substrate for gluconeogenesis catalyzed by cortisol?

Proteolytic enzymes by damaged cells

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

Free fatty acids (FFAs) from adipose tissue

Amino acids from skeletal muscles (correct)

What is the role of cortisol in lipid metabolism?

Stimulates glucose transport into fat cells

Enhances peripheral fat deposition

Shifts metabolism from fat to glucose utilization (correct)

Decreases fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue

Which hormone enables cortisol to potentiate the action of glucagon and epinephrine on glucose metabolism?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

How does cortisol affect carbohydrate metabolism?

Antagonizes insulin's effect on glucose synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Epinephrine (EPI) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptors are primarily targeted by catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Adrenergic receptors Signup and view all the answers

'Addison's Disease' is characterized by hypoactivity of which gland?

'Adrenal cortex' Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for increasing libido and secondary sexual characteristics in humans?

Androgens Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA in the chromaffin cells?

Tyrosine hydroxylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which norepinephrine exerts negative feedback on pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Inhibiting the release of acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the vasoconstrictive effects of catecholamines on arterioles?

Alpha-1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic effect of catecholamine action?

Increased protein synthesis in skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine within the chromaffin granules?

Dopamine beta-hydroxylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase glucose availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Promotion of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of catecholamines on the heart?

Beta-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase energy availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Stimulation of lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme system is primarily responsible for the degradation and excretion of catecholamines?

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the clearance half-life of catecholamines is correct?

Dopamine has the longest half-life Signup and view all the answers

Cellular Biology: Adrenal Gland Functions - Part 2

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of cortisol on protein metabolism?

Which of the following is a main substrate for gluconeogenesis catalyzed by cortisol?

What is the role of cortisol in lipid metabolism?

Which hormone enables cortisol to potentiate the action of glucagon and epinephrine on glucose metabolism?

How does cortisol affect carbohydrate metabolism?

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Which type of receptors are primarily targeted by catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?

'Addison's Disease' is characterized by hypoactivity of which gland?

Which hormone is responsible for increasing libido and secondary sexual characteristics in humans?

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA in the chromaffin cells?

What is the primary mechanism by which norepinephrine exerts negative feedback on pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Which receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the vasoconstrictive effects of catecholamines on arterioles?

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic effect of catecholamine action?

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine within the chromaffin granules?

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase glucose availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of catecholamines on the heart?

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase energy availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Which enzyme system is primarily responsible for the degradation and excretion of catecholamines?

Which of the following statements about the clearance half-life of catecholamines is correct?

More Like This

Cellular Biology & Homeostasis: Amino Acids and Proteins Part 1

Endocrine-Parathyroid: Cellular Biology & Homeostasis

Adrenal Gland 1

Adrenal Gland 2

Upgrade to continue

Cellular Biology: Adrenal Gland Functions - Part 2

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of cortisol on protein metabolism?

Which of the following is a main substrate for gluconeogenesis catalyzed by cortisol?

What is the role of cortisol in lipid metabolism?

Which hormone enables cortisol to potentiate the action of glucagon and epinephrine on glucose metabolism?

How does cortisol affect carbohydrate metabolism?

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Which type of receptors are primarily targeted by catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine?

'Addison's Disease' is characterized by hypoactivity of which gland?

Which hormone is responsible for increasing libido and secondary sexual characteristics in humans?

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA in the chromaffin cells?

What is the primary mechanism by which norepinephrine exerts negative feedback on pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Which receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the vasoconstrictive effects of catecholamines on arterioles?

Which of the following is NOT a metabolic effect of catecholamine action?

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine within the chromaffin granules?

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase glucose availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Which adrenergic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of catecholamines on the heart?

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines increase energy availability during the fight-or-flight response?

Which enzyme system is primarily responsible for the degradation and excretion of catecholamines?

Which of the following statements about the clearance half-life of catecholamines is correct?

More Like This

Cellular Biology &amp; Homeostasis: Amino Acids and Proteins Part 1

Endocrine-Parathyroid: Cellular Biology & Homeostasis

Adrenal Gland 1

Adrenal Gland 2

Cellular Biology & Homeostasis: Amino Acids and Proteins Part 1