14 Questions
Which cell type supports neurons and modulates neuronal function?
Astrocytes
Which type of glia forms the insulating sheaths of axons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Oligodendrocytes
In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which glial cell type produces myelin sheath for only one segment of a single axon?
Schwann cells
Which statement about neurons and glia is true?
~100 distinct types of neurons are found in the whole nervous system.
What is the function of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?
Support neurons and modulate neuronal function
What slows down or prevents the conduction of electrical signals along an axon?
Lack of myelination
What is the main function of astrocytes at synapses?
Clear out synapses e.g. excess glutamate can become toxic
What do astrocyte processes contribute to in the nervous system?
Glial limitans of the neural tube
What is a crucial function of microglia during inflammation?
Secrete cytokines and chemokines that will serve to trigger an immune reaction
What is a function of ependymal cells?
Assist with the move of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What do astrocyte endfeet provide nourishment to?
Endothelial cells that form the BBB
What is a primary role of microglia in immunological surveillance?
React to foreign invaders of the CNS
What contributes to regulating functions in the nervous system?
Contact inhibition between neighboring astrocytes
What is thought to regulate astrocyte tiling?
Contact inhibition between neighboring astrocytes
Test your knowledge of the major cell types of the nervous system, including neurons and glial cells. Learn about the morphology and function of neurons, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells.
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