Y1S1 007 III Physiology Neuroscience I: Functional Organization of the Nervous System

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the function of ependymal cells in the brain?

To direct cell migration during brain development (correct)
To maintain the functional integrity of the axon
To synthesize proteins involved in neurotransmission
To facilitate axoplasmic transport

What is the characteristic feature of the axon hillock?

It contains Nissl granules
It is responsible for maintaining the functional integrity of the axon
It is involved in neurotransmission
It is the most excitable axonal region (correct)

What is the direction of anterograde transport in axons?

From the terminal endings to the soma
From the axon hillock to the dendrites
From the dendrites to the cell body
From the soma to the terminal endings (correct)

What is the consequence of axon severing in Wallerian degeneration?

The part distal to the lesion degenerates (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the change observed in the cell body within 24 hours of injury in Wallerian degeneration?

Chromatolysis occurs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the degeneration of the axon distal to the site of injury?

Orthograde or Wallerian degeneration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the oligodendroglial cells in the white matter of the central nervous system?

Forming myelin sheaths on central neurons (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a nerve regenerates following a lesion?

Wallerian degeneration (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the astroglial cells in the nervous system?

Forming myelin sheaths on central neurons (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of molecules and organelles within the axon of a neuron?

Axoplasmic transport (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the central nervous system?

Integrating sensory information and enabling adaptation to the environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated ratio of non-neuronal cells to neurons in the human nervous system?

10:1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why transection of axons in the brain does not normally lead to regeneration?

Lack of Schwann cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increased responsiveness of the end-organs or muscles following injury of the peripheral nerve?

Denervation hypersensitivity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which Schwann cells spin new myelin around the new axon?

Regenerative myelination (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the destruction of higher centers in the CNS?

Increased activity of lower centers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the central axon grows out in several directions following injury?

Regenerative sprouting (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of original diameter achieved by the peripheral nerve following regeneration?

80% (C) Signup and view all the answers